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70-5% of samples tested. Forty two (21%) of patients tested had a borderline cholesterol (5.2-5.9 mmol/l) but 50% of these fell within the normal range when fasting capillary samples were analysed. Children with significant hypercholesterolaemia on random testing (concentrations of >5.9 mmol/) (8.5%) also had fasting venous blood assayed for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and tri-glyceride in the laboratory. Results indicated that 6*5% of patients screened were at high risk of cardiovascular disease (ratio of total: HDL cholesterol of >4.5), and 1% had a moderately increased risk (ratio 3-5-4.5). Conclusions-Children with familial hypercholesterolaemia can be identified from a selected "high risk" population by measuring random capillary cholesterol concentration.

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