This investigation consists of two studies designed to examine perceived fraudulence, its measurement, and the personality traits associated with the experience in young adults. For Study 1, the Perceived Fraudulence Scale (PFS), a new measure constructed for this study, was administered to a sample of 50 college undergraduates, along with several other self-report measures; a semistructured interview and thought-listing exercise were added to provide convergent assessments of perceived fraudulence. Correlational patterns and regression analyses supported the investigators' conceptualization of perceived fraudulence as involving a combination of fraudulent ideation, depressive tendencies, self-criticism, social anxiety, achievement pressures, and self-monitoring skills. Study 2, in which 100 college undergraduates completed several personality questionnaires, replicated the factor structure of the PFS and provided some evidence for the discriminant validity of the construct of perceived fraudulence.

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Information processing theories of intelligence offer a potentially rich yet generally unexplored theoretical forum for conceptualizing and investigating learning disabilities. The purpose of this article is to advance our understanding of the nature of specific learning disabilities by using Sternberg's (1985) triarchic theory of human intelligence as a framework for expanding the componential-deficit approach. Specifically, deficient cognitive strategies and inadequate knowledge in certain domains may result from learning disabled individuals' inability to (a) selectively encode, compare, and combine information, or (b) automatize information processing. In addition, this article emphasizes the importance of the experiential, contextual, and motivational history of the learning disabled individual in understanding his or her componential deficits.

This article reviews research linking countertransferential reactions to human information processing and offers suggestions for studying countertransference within an information-processing framework. Given the elusiveness of clinical phenomena and the difficulty of operationalizing key clinical concepts, information-processing studies of countertransference may provide a database from which other empirical approaches may be developed.'Twas the day before Christmas, and the young woman patient bounced cheerfully into her analyst's office, holding a gift-wrapped package in her hand and anticipating her analyst's pleasure and surprise. "Before we get started," she announced, "please accept my gift. I hope you like fruitcake."The analyst, after mumbling a reflexive "Thanks," ushered the patient to the couch while mentally allowing his "free-hovering" attention to explore the meaning and implications of the gift. In those days, "fruit" was a slang term for a homosexual and "fruitcake" was a slang term for a mentally ill patient. The analyst began at once to ask the patient for associations to the gift and only succeeded in deflating her mood as she repeated in a puzzled fashion, "It's just a fruitcake. I like to give fruitcakes for Christmas." Was the analyst's persistent questioning simply a regular expression of technical procedure designed to

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