Building on a 1976 model of cohesive devices, this article probes the literature on these linguistic tools with the aim of generating a comprehensive model of cohesion that can be used as an instrument for textual analysis across different text types. This article addresses two main questions: (1) what are the linguistic tools that can be incorporated into the 1976-model of cohesive devices in the creation of an operational model? and (2) what would such a comprehensive model of cohesive devices look like? The contributions of various scholars are examined to determine which elements might be considered as cohesive devices, apart from those introduced in the 1976 model. For almost all the categories within the lexico-grammar taxonomy presented in 1976, more elements are found that can play various cohesive roles in texts and that can be integrated into the 1976 model to form a more all-embracing one. To further illustrate this claim, examples from English and Arabic are used to present a new model of analysis applicable to various languages.

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academic discourse of the humanities is notoriously difficult to render into English, given the prevalence of rhetorical and discourse features that are largely alien to English academic style. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that some of those features might find their way into the English texts produced by Portuguese scholars through a process of pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic transfer. If so, this would have important practical and ideological implications, not only for the academics concerned, but also for editors, revisers, teachers of EAP, translators, writers of academic style manuals and all the other gatekeepers of the globalized culture.The study involved a corpus of some 113,000 running words of English academic prose written by established Portuguese academics in the Humanities, which had been presented to a native speaker of English (professional translator and specialist in academic discourse) for revision prior to submission for publication. After correction of superficial grammatical and spelling errors, the texts were made into a corpus, which was tagged for Part of Speech (CLAWS7) and discourse markers (USAS) using WMatrix2 (Rayson 2003). The annotated corpus was then interrogated for the presence of certain discourse features using Wmatrix2 and Wordsmith 5 (Scott 1999), and the findings compared with those of a control corpus, Controlit, of published articles written by L1 academics in the same or comparable journals.The results reveal significant overuse of certain features by Portuguese academics, and a corresponding underuse of others, suggesting marked differences in the value attributed to those features by the two cultures.Critical and corpus approaches to English academic text revision 229

This paper is a prolegomena to the adaptation of a content analytic measure from psychology to help in the linguistic study of writer's stance. The DOTA measure of dogmatism is applied to learner and native-speaker corpora and the results used as a starting point for more detailed corpus analysis of word and phrase frequencies. By isolating those words and phrases which are underused, overused or avoided by apprentice writers, first steps are taken towards suggesting how apprentice writers might improve their documents.