A liquid membrane process is being developed for application to a number of industrial waste treatment problems. The results of laboratory and pilot plant studies show that liquid membranes are capable of reducing the levels of NHJ, Cr6+, Cu2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ from several hundred ppm to less than 1 ppm under batch or continuous flow conditions.

The general features of sediment formation in middle distillate fuels were investigated. The effect of nitrogen compounds on sediment formation was determined by using pure nitrogen compounds in model petroleum-derived fuel systems. The rate of sediment formation was dependent on the presence of nitrogen compounds, the nature of the diluent employed, and the storage conditions. Detailed studies of the effects of reaction conditions were carried out witii 2,5-dimethylpyrrole (DMP) as the model. Air, increased temperature, dissolved oxygen, and light all strongly accelerated the sediment forming reaction while moisture had a variable effect. The initial reaction rate was approximately first order in nitrogen concentration. The reaction has a low apparent activation energy and appears to involve a free-radical oxidative self-condensation of the nitrogen compound.

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