No abstract

Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades KONSISTENZ Kreislaufführung, regenerative RessourcenA+ EINE KOMBINATION DER DREI STRATEGIEN im Sinne starker Nachhaltigkeit bedeutet einerseits zu ermitteln, welche Bedarfe es gibt und andererseits zu definieren, wie viele Ressourcen für dieses Bedürfnis zur Verfügung stehen. Am Beispiel Fläche und Mobilität: Vorausgesetzt wird, Menschen wollen mobil sein und sich möglichst uneingeschränkt in einer Stadt bewegen können. Wenn Verkehrsflächen nicht ausgeweitet werden sollen, gilt es abzuwägen, wie sowohl die Zahl der Wege als auch die Weglängen verkürzt werden und wie möglichst viele Menschen ihr Mobilitätsbedürfnis niedrigschwellig, sicher und bequem erfüllen können (SUFFIZIENZ). Die entsprechenden Verkehrsmittel sollten auf der Basis erneuerbarer Energieträger (KONSISTENZ) so effizient (EFFIZIENZ) wie möglich gestaltet werden.

Sufficiency is an indispensable strategy for sustainable development that is gaining growing attention in both the scientific and the political sphere. Nevertheless, the question of how sufficiency-oriented social change can be shaped by different actors remains unclear. There are many different concepts of sufficiency and all of them entail certain notions of social change. However, these notions of social change remain mostly implicit. By conducting a semi-systematic literature review on sufficiency and transformation, this article makes explicit notions of social change in various concepts of sufficiency. Additionally, these notions are structured and discussed concerning their possible contribution to a broader socio-ecological transformation to advance the debate about sufficiency-oriented strategies. The literature was sampled by a systematic search in the databases of Web of Science and the ENOUGH-Network, a European network of sufficiency researchers, and complemented by texts known to the author. In total 133 articles, books and book chapters were reviewed. The sufficiency concepts were analyzed regarding two dimensions: the goal of and the approach toward social change. Various ecological and sometimes social goals that different concepts of sufficiency pursue were identified. Some scholars operationalize the social and ecological goals in a sufficiency-specific way as consumption corridors or a pathway toward a post-growth economy. Furthermore, three different approaches to sufficiency-oriented social change were identified: a bottom-up-approach, a policy-making-approach and a social-movement-approach. Specific contributions and limitations of these approaches were identified. The three approaches differ regarding the role of conflicts and the conceptualization of behavior and social practices. By interpreting the results utilizing the Multi-Level-Perspective of Sustainability Transition Research and Erik O. Wright's transformation theory, synergies for sufficiency-oriented social change were identified. The review founds a theoretical basis for further empirical and theoretical research on shaping sufficiency-oriented social change.

Reaktion auf vier Beiträge in GAIA zum Thema Rohstoffe für die Energiewende

Deutsche Städte werden immer dichter bebaut ‐ zum Nachteil von vielen Stadtbewohner(inne)n. Damit eine hohe Lebensqualität gewährt werden kann, muss Stadtentwicklung öffentliche Räume stärken. Denn gemeinschaftlich genutzte Flächen wie Parks oder Plätze können wesentliche Bedürfnisse nach sozialem Austausch oder Naturerfahrungen befriedigen und die Städte so lebenswerter machen.The paper discusses the trend of ongoing land consumption in German cities and their implications for socially inclusive and ecological urban development models. Highlighting how land use in Germany has changed since 1990, we focus on housing and mobility ‐ the two sectors that have had the most impact on land consumption nationwide. Our analysis of ten demographically growing cities in Germany shows land consumption to be driven not only by demo-graphic growth itself, but also by modes of living and transportation that are exclusive to certain privileged groups. In the cities we studied, these developments would seem to benefit the few, but affect the lives of everyone. Based on these results, we sketch out various ideas and approaches that could support a socially inclusive and ecological urban development policy. Supporting a cultural shift from a private luxury model to one based on public welfare is crucial to reducing land consumption and ensuring that all members of the population can gain access to “the good life”.