The first Icelandic study of digital crime victimization was conducted in 2016. According to the results, approximately 13 % of respondents reported digital victimization during the three years prior to the survey. Slander and consumer fraud were the most common types of victimization. Respondents between the ages of 30 to 44 were most likely to have been victimized. In 2018, the survey was repeated using the same questionnaire. As before, the survey was conducted online in cooperation with the Social Sciences Research Institute and solicited information from a sample of circa 2,000 respondents representative of the Icelandic population ages 18 years and older. Approximately 20 % reported a digital victimization in 2018. This suggests a significant increase in victimization since 2016. The increase was most notable in regards to the sexual harassment of women. It is contended that the MeToo Movement of 2017 may have had an impact on the experiences reported by women in 2018.AbstractDen første islandske undersøgelse, der fokuserede på kriminel krænkelse over internettet, blev udført i 2016. Ifølge resultaterne rapporterede ca. 13 % af respondenterne, at de inden for de seneste tre år forud for undersøgelsen havde været udsat for krænkelse over internettet. De mest almindelige former for krænklse var bagtalelse og forbrugerbedrageri. Respondenter i aldersgruppen 30-44 år viste sig at være mest udsatte. Undersøgelsen blev gentaget i 2018, med anvendelse af det samme skema som i 2016. Undersøgelsen blev også denne gang foretaget over nettet i samarbejde med centret for socialvidenskabelig forskning og udsendt til ca. 2000 deltagere, der afspejlede den islandske befolkning over 18 år. Ser vi en øgning i kriminel forulempelse over nettet? Ser vi andre former for forulempelse end i 2016? Har Me-Too bevægelse i Island haft nogen indflydelse på ofrenes oplevelse af at være krænket?

Neysla ólöglegra vímuefna hefur sýnt sig að vera einkar vel fallin til að skapa ótta og óöryggi í samfélaginu. Þegar ný efni koma fram á sjónarsviðið eykst oft umfjöllun fjölmiðla um notkun efnisins og þá haettu sem af neyslunni stafar. Skömmu eftir að e-taflan barst til landsins á tíunda áratug síðustu aldar fór neyslan að valda miklum usla og öryggisleysi hér á landi. Hér verður kenningunni um siðfár beitt til að kanna hvort koma e-töflunnar til landsins beri merki siðfárs. Greint verður frá umfjöllun fjölmiðla, viðbrögðum almennings, fagstétta og stjórnvalda við komu efnisins hingað til lands. Stuðst er við orðraeðugreiningu á öllum fréttum um e-töfluna, sem birtust á tímabilinu 1985-1997, til að meta hvort siðfár hafi skapast í íslensku samfélagi. Niðurstöðurnar benda til að viðbrögð hér á landi hafi sýnt ýmis merki siðfárs eins og lýst er í þekktum kenningum um fyrirbaerið.

Nordic Homicide in Deep Time draws a unique and detailed picture of developments in human interpersonal violence and presents new findings on rates, patterns, and long-term changes in lethal violence in the Nordics. Conducted by an interdisciplinary team of criminologists and historians, the book analyses homicide and lethal violence in northern Europe in two eras – the 17th century and early 21st century. Similar and continuous societal structures, cultural patterns, and legal cultures allow for long-term and comparative homicide research in the Nordic context. Reflecting human universals and stable motives, such as revenge, jealousy, honour, and material conflicts, homicide as a form of human behaviour enables long-duration comparison. By describing the rates and patterns of homicide during these two eras, the authors unveil continuity and change in human violence. Where and when did homicide typically take place? Who were the victims and the offenders, what where the circumstances of their conflicts? Was intimate partner homicide more prevalent in the early modern period than in present times? How long a time elapsed from violence to death? Were homicides often committed in the context of other crime? The book offers answers to these questions among others, comparing regions and eras. We gain a unique and empirically grounded view on how state consolidation and changing routines of everyday life transformed the patterns of criminal homicide in Nordic society. The path to pacification was anything but easy, punctuated by shorter crises of social turmoil, and high violence. The book is also a methodological experiment that seeks to assess the feasibility of long-duration standardized homicide analysis and to better understand the logic of homicide variation across space and over time. In developing a new approach for extending homicide research into the deep past, the authors have created the Historical Homicide Monitor. The new instrument combines wide explanatory scope, measurement standardization, and articulated theory expression. By retroactively expanding research data to the pre-statistical era, the method enables long-duration comparison of different periods and areas. Based on in-depth source critique, the approach captures patterns of criminal behaviour, beyond the control activity of the courts. The authors foresee the application of their approach in even remoter periods. Nordic Homicide in Deep Time helps the reader to understand modern homicide by revealing the historical continuities and changes in lethal violence. The book is written for professionals, university students and anyone interested in the history of human behaviour.