BL2D-SMC at the Pohang Light Source II is a supramolecular crystallography beamline based on a bending magnet. The beamline delivers high-flux tunable X-rays with energies from 8.3 to 20.7 keV and a 100 µm (horizontal) × 85 µm (vertical) full width at half-maximum focal spot. Experiments involving variable temperature, photo-excitation and gas sorption are supported by ancillary equipment and software in the beamline. The design of the beamline, its role and the main components are described.

Feasibility of a high speed pattern recognition system using 1k-bit cross-point synaptic RRAM array and CMOSbased neuron chip has been experimentally demonstrated. Learning capability of a neuromorphic system comprising RRAM synapses and CMOS neurons has been confirmed experimentally, for the first time.

A synthetic approach to highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is proposed that uses ortho donor (D)-acceptor (A) compounds (PXZoB, DPAoB, and CzoB), wherein the acceptor is based on triarylboron and the donor is phenoxazine (PXZ), diphenylamine (DPA), or carbazole (Cz). Combined with the ortho D-A connectivity, the bulky nature of the triarylboron endows the D-A dyads with inherent steric "locking" for a highly twisted arrangement, leading to a small energy difference between singlet and triplet excited states (ΔE) and thus exhibiting very efficient TADF with microsecond-range lifetimes. In sharp contrast, the corresponding para D-A derivatives, DPApB and CzpB, only display short-lived, normal fluorescence. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) incorporating the proposed ortho D-A compounds as emitters display orange, greenish-blue, and pure blue emission and exhibit high external quantum efficiency (η). In particular, the pure blue OLEDs based on the proposed ortho D-A emitters with a carbazole donor (CzoB) show a record-high η of 22.6% with CIE color coordinates of (0.139, 0.150), well illustrating the validity of the proposed approach. Upon optical optimization, the η is further improved to 24.1%.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stress hormone and competition state anxiety response between elite and non-elite junior golfers in competition. Six elite (Handicap: 2.67+/-0.82; 16.2+/-1.38 yrs) and six non-elite (Handicap: 7.83+/-1.17; 15.8+/-0.75 yrs) Korean junior golfers participated in this study. Physiological stress and psychological stress responses were measured on four occasions (at rest, prior to, during, after competition) by salivary cortisol and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) respectively. In salivary cortisol, no interaction was found between groups and the test occasions. However, both groups showed significantly increased levels between rest and all other occasions and between prior to and after competition. The interpretation of this finding is limited by the interaction with the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion. In cognitive state anxiety, significant interaction was found. Elite golfers had significantly lower cognitive state anxiety scores than non-elite golfers at rest, prior to and during competition. No interaction was shown in somatic state anxiety. However, there was significant difference among occasions. Both groups had higher somatic state anxiety scores prior to and during competition than after competition. No interaction was shown in self-confidence, but elite group had significantly higher scores than non-elite group at all occasions. This study demonstrates the differences of psychophysiological response in competition between elite golfers and non-elite golfers.

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