While a government budget determines how taxpayers' money is allocated to various programs and stakeholders that compete for limited resources, the extensiveness and com plexity of the budget and its process hinder taxpayers from understanding the budget information and participating in the public discussion. To engage taxpayers in the public discus sion around budgetary issues, we leverage news articles con taining budgetary information for design opportunities. We present Factful, a web-based annotative article reading inter face that enhances the article with fact-checking support and contextual budgetary information by processing open gov ernment data. In our lab study, participants using Factful discussed more critically with more fact-based supporting statements. They built a rich context surrounding the rele vant budget facts beyond what was presented in the article. Factful presents a simple yet powerful model for support ing fact-oriented budgetary discussions online by leveraging open government data.
Despite recent efforts in opening up government data, developing tools for taxpayers to make sense of extensive and multi-faceted budget data remains an open challenge. In this paper, we present BudgetMap, an issue-driven classification and navigation interface for the budgets of government programs. Our novel issue-driven approach can complement the traditional budget classification system used by government organizations by reflecting time-evolving public interests. BudgetMap elicits the public to tag government programs with social issues by providing two modes of tagging. User-initiated tagging allows people to voluntarily search for programs of interest and classify each program with related social issues, while system-initiated tagging guides people through possible matches of issues and programs via microtasks. BudgetMap then facilitates visual exploration of the tagged budget data. Our evaluation shows that participants' awareness and understanding of budgetary issues increased after using BudgetMap, while they collaboratively identified issue-budget links with quality comparable to expert-generated links.
This paper presents an experimental study of the factors modulating the urgency perception of voice alarm generated by concatenative synthesizers. Four experiments were conducted using psycho-physical approach in which 112 participants made magnitude estimation for urgency perception of various voice alarm stimuli.Experiment 1 identified 6 acoustic and non-acoustic factors modulating the perceived urgency of synthesized voice alarm. Experiment 2, 3 and 4 quantified the relations between the objective changes in each of the quantifiable parameters and the subjective changes in urgency perception. This research has implications for the design and implementation of synthesized voice alarm systems where urgency mapping is required.
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