This study aimed to evaluate the contents of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, as well as the rates of dry matter degradability in forage and pre-dried silage of different winter cereals harvested at preflowering. The experiment was conducted by the Animal Production Center (NUPRAN), Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Midwest (UNICENTRO). It is located in Guarapuava -PR, Brazil. The study was part of the Master's Degree in Crop Production. As experimental materials, we used black oat (Avena strigosa) cv. EMB 139 and cv. IAPAR 61; white oat (Avena sativa) cv. IPR and 126 hp. URS Taura; barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. BRS Brau and cv. BRS Cauê; wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. BRS Umbu and cv. BRS Tarumã; rye (Secale cereale) cv. Temprano and cv. BRS Serrano; and triticale (X Triticosecale) cv. IPR and 111 hp. BRS Saturn. Dry matter degradability was measured by an in situ technique, arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications (animal), subdivided in subplots. Treatments were the plots and subplots digestion times. The incubation times were 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. To that end, we used two 24-month rumen fistulated steers with 350 kg average weight. A similarity was observed in the results of both forage and pre-dried silage degradability, displaying the same trends. Barley cv. BRS Brau had the highest hemicellulose content in its composition; however, IPR 111 triticale was showed the highest degradability potential, both for green forage and pre-dried silage. Key words: Chemical composition. Ruminal disappearance. Neutral detergent fiber. Hibernal forages. Lignin. ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os teores de hemicelulose, celulose e lignina, bem como a taxa de degradabilidade da matéria seca (MS), da forragem e da silagem pré-secada, de diferentes cereais de estação fria colhidos em estádio de pré-florescimento. O experimento foi conduzido pelo Núcleo de Produção Animal (NUPRAN

This study aimed to evaluate the production, the physical and nutritional composition of forage and silage, as well as the profitability and aerobic stability of different winter cereals harvested at the stage of floury grain. The experimental design was a 2x7 factorial randomized block design, with two forms of foods (fresh forage and silage) and seven genotypes, with four replications. The genotypes used were the white oat (Avena sativa) cv. URS Taura; barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. BRS Brau and cv. BRS Cauê; wheat (Tricticum aestivum) cv. CD 1440; rye (Secale cereal) cv. BR 01; and triticale (X Triticosecale) cv. IPR 111 and cv. BRS Saturno. The materials were harvested during the stage of floury grain. In forage evaluation, rye showed the highest (P < 0,05) dry biomass production (7,100 kg ha-1), but with a higher percentage of stem (46.7%) in dry matter, implying higher ADF (44.69%) in relation to other cereals. The forage of the white oats cv. URS Taura and triticale cv. IPR 111 provided the best nutritional quality compared to the other evaluated cereals, but in the resulting silage, only triticale remained with forage-like characteristics. It was clear the superiority of barley cv. BRS Cauê, wheat cv. CD 1440 and rye cv. BR 01 regarding the maintenance of aerobic stability (160 hours), while the other silages lost their stability within 32 hours. Rye cv. BR 01 and triticale IPR 111 presented the highest production of recovered dry biomass (5,402 and 5,352 kg ha-1 respectively), barley cv. BRS Cauê and oat URS Taura provided higher cost of production per kg-1 dry biomass, both with R$ 0.29 and higher cost per kg of recovered dry biomass R$ 0.45 and 0.37 respectively. There are several factors to consider when choosing the winter species for silage production, and future studies can fully elucidate these factors.

Análisis del desarrollo de cercospora beticola ante un fungicida sistemico Resumen La mancha foliar por Cercospora (Cercospora beticola) está presente prácticamente en todos los lugares donde es cultivada la betarraga (Beta vulgaris), pudiendo provocar perdida de rendimiento de azúcar de hasta un 40%, tratándose de la enfermedad más destructiva del cultivo de la betarraga, tanto como la azucarera como la de mesa. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el crecimiento de colonias Cercopora beticola in-vitro ante el fungicida sistémico Tebuconazol (200 g a.i.). En el análisis realizado en los tres diferentes aislamientos de hongos C. beticola demostró que, cuando probados en relación al fungicida sistémico tebuconazol (200 g i. a.), estos no demostraron ser resistentes al fungicida, pues en todas las repeticiones donde el fungicida fue probado en la concentración dosis de campo (1L/500L-200 g i.a.) se mostró eficiente, una vez que las colonias de hongo C. beticola no se desarrollaron.

RESUMO - PERFORMANCE OF FEEDLOT STEERS FED WITH DIFFERENT SILAGE CORN HYBRIDSABSTRACT -This experiment aimed to evaluate the consumption of dry matter, digestibility apparent of diet, gain of weight and average daily carcass transformation efficiency as well as carcass characteristics and its non-integrating components of confined steers fed with two hybrids:LG6030 PRO versus P30B39. Twenty-four half-blood Angus animals fed with a diet ratio of 50: 50 (bulky:concentrate) in the trial period were used. The experimental design was randomly assigned to two treatments with six repetitions, each repetition with two steers.

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