RESUMENEl presente artículo sugiere esquemas teóricos que parecieran ser más pertinentes para la formación motivacional de futuros profesores. Ello surge de la constatación de que la formación motivacional de los estudiantes de pedagogía muchas veces se hace a partir de modelos teóricos que si bien pueden ser muy predictivos, no son lo suficientemente adecuados para proponer pistas que focalicen la intervención pedagógica en la motivación por el aprendizaje. Se discuten distintas aproximaciones teóricas reconociendo sus aportes y limitaciones y se propone, finalmente, un esquema teórico que puede contribuir de manera pertinente a que los futuros docentes tengan elementos teóricos sobre los cuales sostener sus esfuerzos por motivar a sus alumnos, focalizándose en los factores motivacionales del aprendizaje y dejando atrás nociones generales o teóricamente poco pertinentes para este fin.Palabras clave: motivación, motivación escolar, formación docente, profesorado, teoría motivacional. ABSTRACT This article suggests theoretical schemes that seem most relevant to motivational training of future teachers. This arises from the observation that pedagogy students' motivational training is often made from theoretical models that, while they may be very predictive, are not adequate enough to offer clues for pedagogical intervention that focus on motivation for learning. Different theoretical approaches are discussed recognizing their contributions and limitations. Finally, we propose a theoretical framework that can contribute, in a relevant way for future teachers, to acquire theoretical elements which sustain their efforts to motivate their students, focusing on learning the motivational factors and leaving behind notions theoretically less relevant for this purpose.
We present the experimental details and results from a low energy but high repetition rate compact plasma capillary source for extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray research and applications. Two lengths of capillary are mounted in two versions of a closely related design. The discharge operates in 1.6 and 3.2 mm inner diameter alumina capillaries of lengths 21 and 36 mm. The use of water both as dielectric and as coolant simplifies the compact low inductance design with nanosecond discharge periods. The stored electrical energy of the discharge is approximately 0.5 J and is provided by directly charging the capacitor plates from an inexpensive insulated-gate bipolar transistor in 1 μs or less. We present characteristic argon spectra from plasma between 30 and 300 Å as well as temporally resolved x-ray energy fluence in discrete bands on axis. The spectra also allow the level of ablated wall material to be gauged and associated with useful capillary lifetime according to the chosen configuration and energy storage. The connection between the electron beams associated with the transient hollow cathode mechanism, soft x-ray output, capillary geometry, and capillary lifetime is reported. The role of these e-beams and the plasma as measured on-axis is discussed. The relation of the electron temperature and the ionization stages observed is discussed in the context of some model results of ionization in a non-Maxwellian plasma.
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