Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS.

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Background Cutaneous discoid lupus (DLE) among SLE patients may be associated with less severe disease, with low frequency of nephritis and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objective To investigate associations between confirmed DLE and other SLE manifestations, adjusting for confounders. Methods We identified patients with rheumatologist confirmation, according to ACR SLE classification criteria 1997, >2 visits, >3 months of follow-up, and documented year of SLE diagnosis. DLE was confirmed by dermatologist, supported by histopathology and images. SLE manifestations, medications and serologies were collected. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses tested for associations between DLE and each of the ACR SLE criteria, and ESRD. Results A total of 1,043 SLE patients, (117 with DLE and 926 without DLE), were included in the study. After multivariable adjustment, DLE in SLE was significantly associated with photosensitivity (OR 1.63), leukopenia (OR 1.55) and anti-Smith antibodies (OR 2.41). DLE was significantly associated with reduced risks of arthritis (OR 0.49) and pleuritis (OR 0.56). We found no significant associations between DLE and nephritis or ESRD. Limitations Cross-sectional data collection with risk of data not captured from visits outside system. Conclusions In our SLE cohort, DLE was confirmed by a dermatologist and we adjusted for possible confounding by medication use, in particular hydroxychloroquine. We found increased risks of photosensitivity, leukopenia and anti-Smith antibodies and decreased risks of pleuritis and arthritis in SLE patients with DLE. DLE was not related to anti-dsDNA antibodies, lupus nephritis, or ESRD. These findings have implications for prognosis among SLE patients.

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