The passage of time from laboratory demonstration of a technology-enabling efficiency value and until methodology and preparative means are in place is explored in this work for the polymer solar cell. Long technical strides need to be taken and efforts much beyond the laboratory solar cell need to be dedicated to bringing new solar cell material discoveries to service as an industrial technology. This includes scaled materials preparation, scaled manufacturing platforms, scaled installation platforms, as well as scaled electronics, monitoring, and control systems. We epitomize this as the ''scaling lag'' and highlight its importance when wishing to progress new solar cell materials from science to technology. The scaling gap is an observable element that can be extracted directly from experimental data and can be taken as a sign of technological maturity that can aid early-phase investors in their decision of when to invest in product development based on new technology.

Abstract-This paper presents a new analytical method for the generalized study of a cluster of single-stage power-factor correctors (S 2 PFCs). Due to this generalized approach, new topologies have been obtained, and the study of other known topologies has been simplified. The new analytical method simplifies the design of S 2 PFCs by making it possible to compare a large number of different designs from the same viewpoint in order to identify the best topology. Finally, this research has enabled us to reduce the total size of the additional inductors that are used by a factor of two to three with respect to previous implementations.

Abstract-This paper presents a new methodological approach to teaching power electronics converter experiments. This approach is based on a reconfigurable hardware-software platform for use in converter experiments in a basic power electronics course. This course is an optional subject, and, therefore, the experiments need to motivate the students. The platform is controlled by software (made in a LabVIEW environment) run on a PC. The student can control the fundamental parameters of the selected converter topology through the user interface and, with a little work, can compare the results with a real circuit. An example of use of the methodology in an inverter experiment is included.

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