<p>Urban forestry is a vital element in improving the quality of life of the population living in the urban environment. However, in several Brazilian cities notes to failure to address the issue of urban trees and their problems. The objective of this research was to conduct a quantitative and qualitative survey of tree species for some public roads in the city of Baixio-CE, as well as identify the species surveyed and analyzing their phytosanitary conditions. The method used for the quantitative research was the total inventory of tree species that are on the streets and sidewalks. In which, we sampled 240 individuals. The results showed that the most abundant species was Azadirachta indica (Neem Indian) with 68% Ficus benjamina L. and (Ficus), 19% of screened individuals. The qualitative method consists in visual assessment and photographic records on the parameters of plant health, quality pruning, interference in the power grid and sidewalk. Of the 240 trees sampled, 223 have good plant health, while 16 are in regular conditions, and only 7, with any occurrence of pests or mechanical damage. There is a homogeneity of the individuals surveyed, indicating a low diversity of the tree species in the public roads. </p>
O acelerado processo de urbanização é um dos fatores determinantes do novo padrão da constituição da atual sociedade brasileira, ligado a um conjunto de transformações sociais, econômicas, políticas e demográficas enfrentado após da década de 1950. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar os impactos ambientais ocasionado pela ocupação desordenada, gerando uma maior produção de efluentes domésticos na cidade de Baixio-CE. Durante a pesquisa foi possível observar que os impactos são advindos da questão habitacional. Fenômeno este, agravado pelo fato da Constituição não obrigar que haja Plano Diretor para municípios com população inferior a vinte mil habitantes. Sendo que, é de responsabilidade do município legislar sobre questões relativas a problemas locais. Foi constatado grande quantidade de efluentes domésticos sendo lançado a céu aberto, sem seu devido tratamento, ocasionando sérios danos ambientais, contaminando da água e do solo, podendo ser uma importante forma de transmissão de doenças para a população exposta.
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