O receio em nosso meio, em se retardar, erroneamente, a revascularização do miocárdio (RM) em pacientes idosos determinou a realização deste estudo. Um total de 361 pacientes foram, consecutivamente, submetidos a RM entre 1992 e 1995, no InCór, dos quais 30,7% eram mulheres, 69,3% homens; 36,7% encontravam-se em classe funcional III/IV. Foi realizada análise univariada com 19 fatores perioperatórios e, a seguir, multivariada (regressão logística) com as variáveis que mostraram associação significativa (p < 0,005). Os fatores prognósticos da morbidade operatória foram: diabete melito, ICC, angina instável. Os pós-operatórios foram: acidente vascular cerebral, insuficiência renal, infecção e suporte respiratório prolongado. Concluímos que a revascularização do miocárdio pode ser realizada em pacientes com idade avançada, acompanhada de excelentes resultados (baixa mortalidade operatória) especialmente pacientes em classe funcional de ICC não muito avançada, propiciando melhora significativa da qualidade de vida.
The trend in Brazil of erroneously delaying myocardial revascularization in the elderly determined this study. Three hundred consecutive elderly patients (mean age: 73,92, standard deviation: 3.32). Between October 1992 and July 1995, 361 consecutive patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, of whom 111 (30,7%) were females and 250 (69,35) males. There were 128 (35,5%) diabetic patients and 128 (36,7%) were in NYHA III/IV. Univariate analysis per-operatory of 19 factors followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis of the significant variables (p 0.005) were done. Major complication ocurred in 178 (49.3%) and were independent predictors of operative morbidity: Diabetes mellitus, NYHA funcional classification, urgent cases and DP2. There were 33 (9,1%) in hospital deaths, and diabetes mellitus, NYHA functional classification, unstable pre-operative angina and cerebral vascular acidents, renal failure, infection and insufficiency respiratory failure were independent predictors of operative mortality. We concluded that coronary artery bypass grafting is possible in elderly patients with a favorable outcome, especially when done in patients with normal to moderately depressed left ventricular function
Iglézias J C R, Oliveira Jr. J L, Dallan L A O, Lourenção Jr. A, Stolf N A G -Preditores de mortalidade hospitalar no paciente idoso portador de doença arterial coronária. Conclusão: A RM pode ser realizada em pacientes com idade avançada, acompanhada de excelentes resultados (baixa mortalidade operatória), especialmente pacientes em classe funcional de ICC não muito avançada, propiciando melhora significativa da qualidade de vida.
Os autores apresentam sua experiência com 385 pacientes, no período de 30 meses, que tiveram seu miocárdio revascularizado com o uso exclusivo de enxertos arteriais. Oito deles já haviam sido previamente revascularizados, 114 (29,6%) apresentavam lesão coronária unilateral, 118 (30,6%) biarterial e 153 (39,7%) pacientes tinham comprometimento em 3 ou mais artérias coronárias. A artéria torácica interna esquerda foi utilizada preferencialmente para o ramo interventricular anterior. A artéria coronária direita foi usada in situ para a coronária direita e seus ramos, ou como enxerto livre a partir da aorta ou ainda em "Y" artificial a partir da artéria torácica interna esquerda para ramos diagonais e marginais da coronária esquerda, num total de 108 (28,1%) pacientes. Foram também empregadas as artérias: radial em 215 (55,8%) pacientes, gastroepiplóica direita em 24 (6,3%) pacientes e a artéria epigástrica inferior em 4 (1,1%) pacientes. No total foram realizados 809 enxertos arteriais nesse grupo de pacientes, com 839 anastomoses com as artérias coronárias. Nos pacientes com lesão coronária triarterial a média de artérias revascularizadas foi de 3,2 por paciente. Não foram observados óbitos intra-operatórios. A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 7 (1,8%) pacientes, dos quais apenas 3 (42,8%) decorrentes de baixo débito cardíaco. Os autores destacam as vantagens do uso preferencial de enxertos arteriais na revascularização do miocárdio de grupos selecionados de pacientes, especialmente de faixa etária baixa. Essas conclusões baseiam-se na pequena incidência de morbimortalidade observada, além da reconhecida superioridade dos enxertos arteriais, especialmente da artéria torácica interna, patente a longo prazo e pela possibilidade de sua composição com os demais enxertos arteriais.
The authors present their experience over a period of 30 months with 385 patients submitted to myocardial revascularization procedures using only arterial grafts. Eight patients had already been revascularized: 114 (29.6%) had lesions just in one coronary artery, 118 (30.6%) in two arteries and 153 (39.7%) in three or more arteries. The left internal thoracic artery was preferably used for bypassing the anterior interventricular branch. The right internal thoracic artery was used "in situ" for the right coronary artery and its branches or as a free graft from the aorta or even in artificial "Y" from the left internal thoracic artery to the diagonal and marginal branches of the left coronary artery. Other arteries such as the radial artery were used in 215 (55.8%). The right gastroepiploic artery in 24 (6.3%) and the inferior epigastric artery in 4 (1.1%) patients. Summing up, 809 arterial grafts were used in that group of patients and in 839 anastomoses to the coronary arteries. In patients with lesions in three coronary arteries the average of revascularized arteries was 3.2 for each patient. There were no intra-operative deaths. Seven (1.8%) patients died during their stay in the hospital but only 3 (42.8%) of them presented low cardiac out...
or = 70 years, submitted to the primary and isolated myocardial revascularization between January and December of 2000. The patients were divided in two groups, G1 - 50 patients operated with CPB and G2 - 50 patients operated without CPB. Univariate testing of variables was performed with chi-squared analysis in the SPSS 10.0 Program and a p value less than 0.005 was considered significant. RESULTS: There was no renal failure or myocardial infarction (MI) in both groups; the incidence of respiratory failure was identical in the two groups (4%); two patient of G1 they had Strokes, and 12 presented low output syndrome, occurrences not registered in G2. The need of ventilatory support > 24 hs was not significant between groups. Medium time of hospital stay was 21.8 and 11.7 days respectively (NS) and the survival after 30 days were similar in the two groups. The patients' of G1 eighty percent had more than two approached arteries, against only 48% of G2 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Because the largest number of grafts in the patients of G1, we can affirm that the use of CPB can provide a larger probability of complete RM.]]>
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