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Saddleback tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis, S. melanoleucus, and S. tripartitus) occur in the upper Amazon, west of the rios Madeira and Mamoré-Guaporé to the Andes. They currently comprise 13 species and subspecies in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Here we report on a previously undescribed subspecies of Saguinus fuscicollis from the interfluvium of the lower rios Madeira and Purus in the central Amazon of Brazil. It is a distinct form with a very pronounced mottling on the back giving the appearance of a saddle, a characteristic shared by the 3 species, and the reason for their collective common name. The lack of a white superciliary chevron and its highly mottled ochraceousdark brown to black saddle that extends from the scapular region to the base of the tail distinguish the new taxon from Saguinus fuscicollis weddelli. The latter characteristic also distinguishes it from another saddleback tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis ssp.) that has been reported immediately to the south of its range in the Int

Callicebus is a Neotropical primate genus of the family Pitheciidae, which currently comprises 34 recognized species. Based on their morphological traits and geographic distribution, these species are currently assigned to five groups: the C. moloch, C. cupreus, C. donacophilus, C. torquatus, and C. personatus groups, although in the past, alternative arrangements have been proposed based on the analysis of morphological data. The principal disagreements among these arrangements are related to the composition of the C. moloch group. In the present study, we tested the different taxonomic proposals for the C. moloch group, based on the molecular analysis of nuclear markers (Alu insertions and flanking regions) and three mitochondrial genes (16S, COI, and Cyt b), with a total of approximately 7 kb of DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods indicated that the species of the current C. cupreus group should be reintegrated into the C. moloch group. In addition, our results corroborated previous studies suggesting that the species of the current C. personatus group form a distinct species group. We also observed a relatively subtle level of divergence between C. dubius and C. caligatus. While the known diversity of Callicebus is considerable, these findings indicate that the relationships among groups and species may still not be completely understood, highlighting the need for further research into the biological, geographic, and genetic variability of these primates, which will be fundamental to the effective conservation of the genus. Am. J. Primatol. 78:904-913, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

O trabalho contextualiza a criação do Parque Zoobotânico do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, em Belém (PA), no ano de 1895, considerado o mais antigo zoológico brasileiro. Apresenta duas raras fontes históricas sobre o Parque, um artigo de 1897 do zoólogo alemão Hermann Meerwarth (1870-1943), Auxiliar Científico de Zoologia e Inspetor do Jardim Zoológico do Museu Goeldi entre agosto de 1895 e abril de 1899; e um livro de 1901 do zoólogo suíço Gottfried Hagmann (1874-1946), que ocupou os mesmos cargos entre novembro de 1899 e meados de 1904. Ambos os textos são relatórios técnicos originalmente publicados em alemão, foram traduzidos para o português e atualizados do ponto de vista taxonômico. Eles permitem não apenas a realização de estudos sobre o Parque Zoobotânico do Museu Goeldi, como também sobre os jardins zoológicos em geral, além de leituras específicas nas áreas de história da ciência, história ambiental, museologia, arquitetura, educação ambiental e comunicação científica.

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