Peri-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS-CoV-2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30-day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30-day mortality in patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4-1.5). In patients with a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery within 0-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and 5-6 weeks of the diagnosis (odds ratio (95%CI) 4.1 (3.3-4.8), 3.9 (2.6-5.1) and 3.6 (2.0-5.2), respectively). Surgery performed ≥ 7 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was associated with a similar mortality risk to baseline (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.5 (0.9-2.1)). After a ≥ 7 week delay in undertaking surgery following SARS-CoV-2 infection, patients with ongoing symptoms had a higher mortality than patients whose symptoms had resolved or who had been asymptomatic (6.0% (95%CI 3.2-8.7) vs. 2.4% (95%CI 1.4-3.4) vs. 1.3% (95%CI 0.6-2.0), respectively). Where possible, surgery should be delayed for at least 7 weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with ongoing symptoms ≥ 7 weeks from diagnosis may benefit from further delay.

SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients. Since surgical patients are already at higher risk of venous thromboembolism than general populations, this study aimed to determine if patients with peri-operative or prior SARS-CoV-2 were at further increased risk of venous thromboembolism. We conducted a planned sub-study and analysis from an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of elective and emergency patients undergoing surgery during October 2020. Patients from all surgical specialties were included. The primary outcome measure was venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis) within 30 days of surgery. SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was defined as peri-operative (7 days before to 30 days after surgery); recent (1-6 weeks before surgery); previous (≥7 weeks before surgery); or none. Information on prophylaxis regimens or pre-operative anti-coagulation for baseline comorbidities was not available. Postoperative venous thromboembolism rate was 0.5% (666/123,591) in patients without SARS-CoV-2; 2.2% (50/2317) in patients with peri-operative SARS-CoV-2; 1.6% (15/953) in patients with recent SARS-CoV-2; and 1.0% (11/1148) in patients with previous SARS-CoV-2. After adjustment for confounding factors, patients with peri-operative (adjusted odds ratio 1.5 (95%CI 1.1-2.0)) and recent SARS-CoV-2 (1.9 (95%CI 1.2-3.3)) remained at higher risk of venous thromboembolism, with a borderline finding in previous SARS-CoV-2 (1.7 (95%CI 0.9-3.0)). Overall, venous thromboembolism was independently associated with 30-day mortality ). In patients with SARS-CoV-2, mortality without venous thromboembolism was 7.4% (319/4342) and with venous thromboembolism was 40.8% (31/76). Patients undergoing surgery with peri-operative or recent SARS-CoV-2 appear to be at increased risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism compared with patients with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Optimal venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and treatment are unknown in this cohort of patients, and these data should be interpreted accordingly.

Introducción: Las úlceras pépticas son lesiones inducidas por el ácido que se encuentran en el estómago y el duodeno. La prevalencia de la enfermedad de úlcera péptica en los Estados Unidos se estima en 8.4%. Objetivo: Describir una forma de presentación atípica de úlcera duodenal complicada que ocasiona ictericia y realizar una revisión de la literatura. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 42 años, que consultó por ictericia generalizada y coluria, asociado a dolor lumbar en tratamiento con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. En el laboratorio presentaba, bilirrubina total aumentada a predomino directa. Se le realizo una colangiografía por resonancia magnética que reveló engrosamiento duodenal, con disminución de su luz; y una tomografía computada con doble contraste, donde se objetivó engrosamiento en las paredes duodenales, sin fuga de contraste oral.  Posteriormente se realizó una video-endoscopía digestiva alta donde se objetivó una úlcera en bulbo duodenal de 30 mm. El paciente presento buena evolución con tratamiento médico, siendo otorgada el alta al quinto día de internación. Discusión: La ictericia puede ser ocasionada por una úlcera duodenal que ocasione la obstrucción del conducto biliar común. El tratamiento médico puede realizarse en pacientes seleccionados. En el presente caso se decidió optar por el tratamiento médico dado que el paciente presentaba estabilidad hemodinámica, sin signos de peritonitis generalizada, con estudios complementarios en favor de una úlcera duodenal contenida sin aire libre. Conclusión: Nos encontramos ante un caso de úlcera duodenal complicada con ictericia que presento buena evolución con tratamiento médico.

Introducción: El hematoma mesentérico espontaneo es poco frecuente. Se ha informado como complicación de anticoagulación prolongada, asociado con mayor frecuencia a la warfarina. El estudio diagnostico estándar es la tomografía computada. La terapéutica de esta patología, está en discusión. Se sabe que en pacientes hemodinámicamente estables con hematoma mesentérico espontaneo se lleva a cabo una conducta conservadora, dejando el tratamiento quirúrgico como alternativa para pacientes en shock. Nuestro objetivo es reportar el caso de una paciente adulta con hematoma mesentérico espontáneo en relación a warfarina, tratado de manera quirúrgica con buena evolución.  Caso clínico: Paciente de 67 años, sexo femenino, con hematoma mesentérico espontáneo en relación a warfarina, con antecedente de reemplazo de válvula biológica mitral con plástica tricúspidea de más de 3 meses, en controles diarios por mal manejo de la coagulación con anticoagulante oral; consulto por dolor abdominal súbito, en región epigástrica, acompañado de vómitos gástricos. Al examen físico se objetivo defensa y reacción peritoneal. Se solicitó tomografía computada abdomen y pelvis donde se informó hematoma mesentérico. Debido a que la paciente presentaba signos de irritación peritoneal se realizó cirugía de urgencia con resección segmentaria de intestino delgado. Con buena evolución postquirúrgica, siendo dada de alta al quinto día. Anatomía patológica informa hemorragia masiva submucosa. Conclusión: Ante un paciente que presenta dolor abdominal con signos de irritación peritoneal, alteración de la Relación Internacional Normatizada por consumo de warfarina, sin historia traumática, debe sospecharse un hematoma mesentérico espontáneo y considerar el tratamiento quirúrgico.

The prevalence of gastric polyps during upper gastrointestinal endoscopies is 6%, and 17% correspond to gastric hyperplastic polyps. They are usually incidentally found during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; yet, large polyps may become symptomatic. The prevalence of gastric cancer in gastric hyperplastic polyps is 2.1%. The aim of this paper is to describe an atypical presentation of this disease with review of the literature. A 73-year-old male patient with anemia and subsequent diagnosis of early gastric cancer in a gastric hyperplastic polyp was treated with endoscopic polypectomy with endoloop.Minimally invasive treatment by endoscopic resection is sufficient in this type of patients.