As mesorregiões do Sertão e São Francisco Pernambucano apresentam clima semiárido, que podem afetar a produção agrícola, em função do clima quente e seco, com temperaturas elevadas e regime pluviométrico irregular. O bioma predominante da região é a Caatinga, que vem sofrendo ao longo dos anos com várias ações antrópicas, incluindo além do desmatamento eventos de queimadas. O objetivo deste artigo foi mapear, caracterizar e quantificar a incidência de focos de calor nas mesorregiões acima relacionadas, bem como a capacidade de recuperação e/ou regeneração natural da vegetação por meio do sensoriamento remoto e técnicas de mineração de dados. Imagens do sensor Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) a bordo da plataforma TERRA foram utilizadas para analisar o estado da vegetação nos períodos pré, durante e pós-queima. Para avaliar as condições necessárias para que ocorra a regeneração natural da superfície vegetal foi utilizado o software de mineração de dados Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) a partir do cruzamento dos dados do Índice de Vegetação da Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) e precipitação local. Os resultados demonstram um aumento na ocorrência dos focos no período analisado. Existe uma correlação de 91,76% entre o NDVI durante e 48 dias após o evento da queima. Além disso, os parâmetros NDVI 30 e 48 dias após a queima apresentaram um coeficiente de correlação de 83,96%. Portanto, as técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e mineração de dados permitiram avaliar as relações existentes entre o NDVI e a precipitação local para que ocorra a regeneração vegetal. Characterization of Burning Scars in the Sertão and São Francisco Pernambucano Mesoregions from MODIS Sensor dataA B S T R A C T The Sertão and São Francisco Pernambucano mesoregions have a semi-arid climate, which can affect agricultural production, due to the hot and dry climate, with high temperatures and irregular rainfall. The predominant biome of the region is the Caatinga, which has been suffering over the years with several anthropic actions, including in addition to deforestation, burning events. The purpose of this article was to map, characterize and quantify the incidence of hot spots in the mesoregions listed above, as well as the capacity for recovery and / or natural regeneration of vegetation through remote sensing and data mining techniques. Images from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor on the TERRA platform were used to analyze the state of vegetation in the pre, during and post-firing periods. To assess the conditions necessary for the natural regeneration of the plant surface to occur, the data mining software Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) was used, by crossing the data from the Normalized Ddifference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and precipitation. The results demostrate an increase in the occurrence of outbreaks in the analyzed period. There is a 91.76% correlation between NDVI during and 48 days after burning event. In addition, the NDVI parameters 30 and 48 days after burning presented a correlation coefficient of 83.96%. Therefore, the techniques of remote sensing and data mining allowed to evaluate the existing relationships between NDVI and local precipitation so that plant regeneration to occurs.Keywords: remote sensing, vegetation indexes, hot spots, data mining.
The mesoregion of Sertão Pernambucano presents climatic conditions that directly affect agricultural production, since it presents a warm, dry climate and irregular rainfall regime. Due to these characteristics, the predominant biome of the region is the Caatinga, which has been suffering over the years with various anthropic actions, including besides deforestation, fires. In order to map and monitor the incidence of hot spots in this mesoregion during the ten year period (2010-2017), this article aims to identify and characterize the profile of these burn scars, aiming to follow the process of regeneration of the plant surface. Based on the results of the digital processing of the satellite images and the vector files of heat sources in the WEKA Data Mining Software, a correlation of 0.8153 was found when crossing the NDVI index data at the time of burning and after such event, where also, these areas susceptible to fire showed a direct link to precipitation prior to the burn event. Such pixels varied in a spectral range of NDVI between 0.25 and 0.44. When the natural recovery capacity of the vegetation in the field after the burn event was evaluated, the most important parameters were: precipitation and NDVI index, both after burning. From a correlation between these values of 0.7264, it was observed that such a process would only occur if two criteria were met: a critical precipitation of 32.25 mm and a posterior minimal NDVI index of 0.39.
ANÁLISE DE CANAVIAIS IRRIGADOS COM PARÂMETROS BIOFÍSICOS POR SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO JADIENE MOURA DOS SANTOS 1*; PABRÍCIO MARCOS OLIVEIRA LOPES2; GEBER BARBOSA DE ALBUQUERQUE MOURA³; ANDERSON SANTOS DA SILVA4; JHON LENNON BEZERRA DA SILVA5, JOSÉ GALDINO DE OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR6 * Esta pesquisa refere-se ao trabalho de iniciação científica da primeira autora. 1 Engenheira Florestal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife/PE. E-mail: mourajad@hotmail.com; 2 Professor Dr. da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife/PE. E-mail: pabricio.lopes@ufrpe.br; ³ Professor Dr. da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife/PE. E-mail:geber.moura@ufrpe.br; 4 Professor Dr. da Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns/PE. E-mail: anderson.silva@ufape.edu.br; 5 Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife/PE. E-mail: jhonlennoigt@hotmail.com; 6 Mestrando em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife/PE: dinojr95@gmail.com. 1 RESUMO A cultura da cana-de-açúcar ocupa uma área significativa no município de Juazeiro, BA, afetando o ambiente em que está inserida. O uso de tecnologias como as técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, vem auxiliando na obtenção de informações importantes sobre essas áreas agrícolas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição espacial dos componentes do balanço de radiação à superfície em áreas agrícolas com o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar irrigado no semiárido brasileiro. O estudo foi realizado em uma porção da região do Vale do Submédio do São Francisco, especificadamente em uma área comercial cultivada com cana-de-açúcar totalmente irrigada, localizada no município de Juazeiro, BA. Foram obtidos por meio de sensoriamento remoto, os parâmetros biofísicos (NDVI, temperatura da superfície, albedo da superfície e saldo de radiação) e a classificação supervisionada Máxima Verossimilhança (Maxver) para as datas 03/09/2013, 22/09/2014 e 24/08/2015 a partir do processamento digital de imagens do satélite Landsat-8, utilizando o software QGIS. Através da Maxver foi possível detectar os diferentes estágios fenológicos (inicial e de maturação) dos cultivos de cana-de-açúcar presentes na região; além disso, os resultados demostraram que os valores de NDVI são inversamente proporcionais aos de temperatura. Os altos valores de albedo e baixos de Rn estão relacionados à existência de solo desnudo e/ou palha de cana-de-açúcar. Por outro lado, o NDVI apresentou-se alto, Ts relativamente baixa, albedo e Rn relativamente moderados na vegetação sadia. A análise espaço-temporal do NDVI e Ts indicou variações na cobertura do solo, destacando a existência de fases distintas de desenvolvimento da cultura em campo. Por fim, a metodologia apresentou-se viável para o mapeamento de variáveis biofísicas nas diferentes datas analisadas. Palavras-chave: Landsat-8, semiárido, saldo de radiação. SANTOS, J. M.; LOPES, P. M. O.; MOURA, G. B. A.; SILVA, A. S.; SILVA, J. L. B.; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, J. G. ANALYSIS OF IRRIGATED SUGARCANE FIELDS WITH BIOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS BY REMOTE SENSING IN THE BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST 2 ABSTRACT The cultivation of sugarcane occupies a significant area in the municipality of Juazeiro, BA, affecting the surrounding environment. The use of technologies, such as remote sensing and geoprocessing, has been helping to obtain important information about these agricultural areas. This work aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of the components of the surface radiation balance in agricultural areas with the cultivation of irrigated sugarcane in the Brazilian semiarid region. This research was carried out in a portion of the Sub-Middle of São Francisco Valley, specifically in a commercial area cultivated with totally irrigated sugarcane, located in the municipality of Juazeiro, BA. The biophysical parameters (NDVI, surface temperature, surface albedo, and radiation balance) and the supervised classification Maximum Likelihood (Maxver) for the dates 09/03/2013, 09/22/2014, and 08/24/2015 were obtained through remote sensing from the digital processing of Landsat-8 satellite images, using the QGIS software. Through Maxver, it was possible to detect the different phenological stages (initial and maturation) of the sugarcane cultivations present in the region. Also, the results showed that the NDVI values are inversely proportional to temperature. The high albedo and low Rn values are related to bare soil and sugarcane straw. However, NDVI was high, Ts relatively low, and albedo and Rn relatively moderate in healthy vegetation. The spatial-temporal analysis of NDVI and Ts indicated variations in soil cover, highlighting distinct phases of development of the crop in the field. Finally, the methodology proved to be viable for mapping biophysical variables on different dates analyzed. Keywords: Landsat-8, semiarid, radiation balance.
Weather measurement systems became an important tool for the ef- ficient operation of various economic activities. Automated irrigation systems, that improve agricultural productivity and reduce the consumption of water resources, relies on data collected by these systems, for example. Due to the inherent complexity of these systems (i.e. stations with multiple sensors communicating through multiple communication channels to cloud services), it is very important to have measures that clarify how faults behave allowing better planning of maintenance and establish a degree of systems reliability. This work presents a study of the availability of all meteorological stations of the National Institute of Meteorology-INMET installed in the Brazilian territory in the year 2017. The results present the first analysis of this parameter and serve both for academic and commercial users, as a form of measurement of these systems reliability, as well as for weather measurement infrastructure providers as a tool for improving the effectiveness of their maintenance policy and as a support for the strategic planning of new investments.
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