We describe the case of a 75-year-old woman with an iatrogenic fistula between a left internal mammary artery graft to the left anterior descending coronary artery and the left subclavian vein that developed after implantation of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
Hernández-Moreno J, Gómez-Rijo A, Castro U, González-Molina A, Quiroga ME, González-Romero F. Game rhythm and stoppages in soccer. A case study from Spain. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 594-602, 2011. The purpose of this paper was to quantify and analyze the participation/pause game times and stoppages of 11-a-side soccer. A total of 617 players of 44 Spanish men's teams and 33 matches of the 2007/08 and 2008/09 men's soccer players of 2 nd division A and B and 3 rd division were studied. The methodology used is observational and systematic, active and non-participating and with an observational instrument based on a category system. The variables studied were: Stoppages and Game Rhythm. The most frequent stoppage is out of bound (mean±SD) (59.03±10.15), followed by fouls (37.33±7.09). The stoppage which registers the longest duration (in hours, minutes and seconds) is foul (16'35"±3'48"), followed by out of bound (14'30"±3'26"). Regarding game rhythm the real time of each match totaled an average of 1h36'14"±2'03" seconds. The actual time of play is on average 49'±4'44" while the pause time is 47'14"±5'23"seconds. In the description of the implications of pause time in the game dynamics of soccer, some regularities can be observed; such as the fact that the most frequent stoppages are those made due to fouls and out of bound and that the duration of the majority of these stoppages varies within a range of 4 to 7 seconds. The pauses have shown to be a major element in the study of soccer game rhythm because they take at least half the total time of the match. Consistent with this, it is understood that game rhythm can easily be improved with regulatory modifications such as the elimination of interruptions because of substitutions.
RESUMENLa ejecución del tramo subterráneo del metropolitano de Granada ha permitido el hallazgo de los restos arqueológicos de la alberca del Alcázar Genil, residencia regia musulmana periurbana del siglo XIII. El Albercón, de 128 × 27 metros, fue devorado en sus extremos durante el crecimiento urbano del siglo XX, salvándose el tramo central pisado por el Camino de Ronda, vial bajo cuyo trazado discurre el metropolitano. El emplazamiento en Alcázar Genil de una estación subterránea posibilitará la integración de los restos arqueológicos de la alberca, recuperándolos, poniéndolos en valor y haciéndolos visitables.El proyecto de la estación Alcázar Genil aúna los esfuerzos conjuntos de diversas disciplinas que ponen al mismo nivel las ingenierías de los siglos XIII y XXI con una visión interdisciplinar básica para abarcar la complejidad de todo el proyecto con el objetivo de compatibilizar las infraestructuras contemporáneas con el pasado oculto bajo la piel de nuestros viejos centros históricos.Palabras clave: Albercón; Alcázar Genil; Granada; interdisciplinar; arquitectura; patrimonio cultural. ABSTRACT The execution of the Granada Metropolitan's underground line made possible the discovery of archeological remains of a water tank in Alcázar Genil, a royal muslim residence of the 13th century. The water tank, 419 × 88 ft, was destroyed at its ends due to the growth of the city of Granada during the 20th century and today remains only its center section, underCamino de Ronda, exactly where the future Metropolitan will take place. The location of an underground station will allow the recovery, the integration and the exhibition of the archaeological remains of this water tank. The Alcázar Genil station project brings together the work of several disciplines which put in the same level engineering of the 13th and of the 20th century. These different teams work in an interdisciplinary approach to respond to the complexity of the entire project. The aim is to make contemporary infrastructures compatible with the past that is hidden under the skin of our historic centres.
La terapia de resincronización cardiaca (TRC) ha mostrado utilidad terapéutica en un determinado grupo de pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca avanzada. Sin embargo, los pacientes con diagnóstico de miocardiopatía de origen valvular están infrarrepresentados en los estudios clínicos aleatorizados. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la TRC en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca de etiología exclusivamente valvular a medio plazo (6 meses). Se incluyó a 40 pacientes consecutivos a quienes se implantó un dispositivo de resincronización cardiaca. A los 6 meses de seguimiento, se produjo una mejora de la clase funcional, el remodelado ventricular izquierdo y los parámetros de asincronía intraventricular en los pacientes tratados. En este subgrupo de pacientes, la TRC muestra un beneficio similar al obtenido en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca de otra etiología.Palabras clave: Terapia de resincronización cardiaca. Insuficiencia cardiaca. Valvulopatías. Terapia de resincronización cardiaca y miocardiopatía valvular tras cirugía correctoraAlfonso Macías, Juan J. Gavira, Sara Castaño, José Moreno, Eduardo Alegría e Ignacio García-Bolao Departamento de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular. Clínica Universitaria de Navarra. Pamplona. Navarra. España. COMUNICACIÓN BREVE Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Valvular Cardiomyopathy After Corrective SurgeryCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to have clinical benefits in certain groups of patients with advanced heart failure (HF). However, patients with valvular cardiomyopathy are underrepresented in randomized clinical studies. The aim of this study was to assess the medium-term (i.e., at 6 months) effects of CRT in patients with HF exclusively due to valvular disease. The study included 40 consecutive patients who underwent CRT device implantation. At 6 months, there were improvements in functional class, left ventricular remodeling, and intraventricular dyssynchrony parameters in treated patients. In this particular subgroup of patients, the benefits of CRT were similar to those observed in patients with HF due to other etiologies. torizados sobre TRC obedecen a una etiología isqué-mica o idiopática de su miocardiopatía. Hay muy pocos datos acerca de la utilidad de la TRC en la insuficiencia cardiaca de otro origen, como las cardiopatías congénitas o las valvulopatías.El objetivo del presente estudio es describir la eficacia clínica y el efecto de la TRC en el remodelado ventricular izquierdo a medio plazo (6 meses) en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca avanzada de etiología valvular. MÉTODOSSe incluyó a 40 pacientes consecutivos con diagnós-tico de miocardiopatía valvular e indicación clásica para TRC.Se englobó en el diagnóstico de miocardiopatía de origen valvular a los pacientes con historia de valvulopatía mitral y/o aórtica intervenida quirúrgicamente, disfunción ventricular izquierda documentada ante- INTRODUCCIÓNSe ha demostrado clínicamente que la terapia de resincronización cardiaca (TRC) mejora la clase funcional y la calida...
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