Paulo v. 103 p. 458-474 jan./dez. 2008 hermenêutica jurídica e a questão da textura aberta legal heRmeneUticS anD the qUeStion oF the oPen textURe José Maria Arruda de Andrade * Resumo: o presente artigo pretende trabalhar a utilização de certas expressões relativizantes no bojo de uma hermenêutica jurídica tradicional, que acaba por comprometer a própria base teórica adotada, já que não há uma proposta de sua superação. nesse sentido, a referência a termos como (i) a presença de uma "carga subjetiva" na interpretação de textos normativos jurídicos e (ii) a ambigüidade e a vagueza dos conceitos jurídicos interpretados parecem atuar mais como meras flexibilizações de um ideal absolutista hermenêutico (representado pelas teorias tradicionais) do que como uma resposta para a crise daquelas teorias, advinda de diversas frentes de teorias relativistas.
The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a legal-institutional analysis of the federal tax incentives that are intended to encourage regional development. In Part I we begin this work with a historical analysis of regional policies from the 1950s through the present, showing the transformations the regional issue has undergone and the complexity of the problem. After the historical analysis, we devote a chapter to the relationship between the law and the analysis of the effects of tax policies, the ideal of fiscal neutrality and the limitations of tax law scholars' treatment of the instrumental aspect (interventionist, redistributive, etc.) of tax law. Also in the second chapter we deal with regional development in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and the debate among economists regarding the use of tax incentives to achieve decentralized industrialization and regional development. In Part II we deepen our analysis of federal regional tax incentives, dealing with their interpretation by Brazilian courts, their incentive effects, the criteria used to select the businesses that benefit and the consideration required. In chapter IV we deal with lost tax revenue resulting from tax incentives, establishing certain comparisons with other losses and other important direct expenses in order to have an idea of their significance. In the fifth chapter we conduct an extensive analysis of the audits performed by the Federal Budget Oversight Board in order to grasp the manner in which these issues are monitored. Finally, in the last chapter, we deal with the analyses of socioeconomic effects produced institutionally.
Wertheimer, como ele próprio sempre dizia, enveredou pela ciência do espírito." Thomas Bernhard
RESUMOO texto discute se as decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal são marcadas por argumentos consequencialistas quando a tese advogada pelos contribuintes é derrotada. A interpretação das decisões judiciais, como forma de pesquisa, e a teoria da argumentação devem privilegiar os argumentos que são postos na decisão judicial, de forma a não confundir argumentos laterais, de contextos e de erudição, com aqueles determinantes para a formação da norma-decisão.
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