RESUMO A indústria da construção civil tem um grande potencial para a reciclagem de resíduos mediante a incorporação desses materiais como agregados. O resíduo de EVA (Etileno-Acetato de Vinila) vem sendo utilizado como uma alterativa na produção de compósitos cimentícios leves em conjunto com fibras vegetais de Attalea funifera Martius (piaçava), como reforço. Neste trabalho, procurou-se modelar as propriedades mecânicas de resistência à compressão, resistência à tração e módulo de deformação de argamassas contendo agregados não convencionais como EVA e fibras de piaçava. Foi utilizado um modelo de regressão polinomial com três variáveis explicativas para modelar cada propriedade mecânica, utilizando como variáveis independentes as porcentagens de EVA e fibras presentes na mistura, e a relação água/cimento do material. A qualidade de ajuste dos modelos foi avaliada por meio de testes hipótese, e por critérios estatísticos, dentre deles Shapiro-Wilk, Durbin-Watson, Breusch-Pagan, coeficientes de determinação R2 e critério PRESS (Prediction Error Sum of Squares). Os resultados indicam que os modelos construídos reproduzem satisfatoriamente o comportamento do material. Por meio de simulações realizadas com os modelos propostos, constatou-se que a fibra de piaçava pode ser utilizada como reforço para melhorar as propriedades de resistência à tração e módulo de deformação para a argamassa, dessa forma, foi possível identificar uma proporção ótima entre os agregados.
The aim of this work is to determine the porosity of concrete by means of two NDT (non-destructive testing) using digital images. In one test, the images were obtained through X-ray microtomography and for another test via digital scanner. In both of the tests, the images were processed using techniques of mathematical morphology and pixel processing. For both NDT, it was used concrete samples with 20-30 MPa of compressive strength. The results for the porosity were compared with results obtained by the standard test proposed by NBR (Norma Brasileira) 9778 (2005) showing the compatibility between two studied methods and pattern method.
This work aims to present a methodology for the elaboration of a deformation map in a Portland cement concrete specimen to predict fractures caused by axial compression stresses, using the technique of Digital Image Correlation - DIC 2D. For this purpose, 5 concrete specimens with compressive strength expected at 28 days fck of 40 MPa were analyzed, which were tested in the ABNT NBR 5739/2018 standard - compression test of cylindrical concrete specimens. During the test, the necessary digital images were acquired in the DIC-2D array. These images were subsequently processed, and the results interpreted statistically. According to the result of the correlation of images obtained, it was found that 67% of the specimens had regions of accumulation of stresses that indicated in advance the location of the rupture, which enabled the development of a fracture prediction map. The results obtained in the research showed that the methodology used by means of the DIC-2D arrangement was able to predict the place where the rupture in the specimens occurred.
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