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While co-morbid conditions, such as hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, are commonly seen in patients with PD and may seem to be risk factors for PD, there was no statistical relationship between penile curvature severity and any of these comorbidities. Similarly there was no statistically significant relationship between the severity of curvature and penile vascular status or ED. The fact that the prevalence of associated comorbidities is higher in patients with PD and ED than in patients with PD only indicates that these comorbidities are more likely related to ED than to the pathogenesis of PD.

This study investigates whether a hydrophilic coating (Resistt), designed to inhibit bacterial adherence, applied to inflatable penile prostheses can prolong the effect of intraoperative antibiotics. The activity of antibiotic-soaked Bioflex s (penile prosthetic substrate material) discs with and without Resistt was examined by measuring the zone of inhibition following in vivo exposure in four groups of rabbits: 1, 2, 3 and 5 days' duration of disc implantation. Coated and uncoated discs were soaked in an aqueous solution of gentamicin and bacitracin. The implanted antibiotic-soaked discs were extracted, and the zone of inhibition against four microorganisms in vitro demonstrated that the Resistt coating was especially effective against Staphylococcus epidermidis, and statistically significant improvements were observed for the coated over the uncoated substrate up to 3 days following implantation. This effect, and the anti-adherence properties of Resistt, may prevent adhesion and colonization of some microorganisms to penile implants and reduce chances for infection.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topically applied prostaglandin E1 (PGE 1 ) þ 5% SEPA (soft enhancement of percutaneous absorption) on the glans penis in a feline erection model. Erectile response after glans penis administration of PGE 1 þ 5% SEPA cream (Topiglan, MacroChem Co., Lexington, MA, USA) was compared to the erectile response after intracavernosal administration of the triple-drug combination (1.65 mg papaverine, 25 lg phentolamine, and 0.5 lg PGE 1 ). The placebo cream and increasing concentrations (0.25%, 2.5 mg/ml; 0.5%, 5 mg/ml; and 1%, 10 mg/ml) of PGE 1 þ 5% SEPA were applied in a total volume of 0.1 ml via a plastic needle-less syringe. The control triple-drug combination was administrated intracavernosally via a 30-gauge needle at the completion of each experiment to serve as a control reference. With each application of placebo, PGE 1 þ SEPA, and the triple-drug combination, changes in intracavernosal pressure and systemic blood pressure were continuously monitored. Topical application of PGE 1 þ SEPA induced increases in intracavernosal pressure in a dosedependent manner, with minimal effects on systemic blood pressure. The increases obtained with 1% PGE 1 Topiglan cream were similar to the intracavernosal pressure values elicited by the standard intracavernosal triple-drug combination. These data demonstrate that topical glans penis application of PGE 1 þ SEPA can induce an erectile response in cats with minimal systemic adverse effects. Oral pharmacological agents are the first-line treatment for male ED. Studies investigating the effectiveness of noninvasive modalities such as topical therapy should continue, because these agents have the potential to avoid the systemic effects commonly seen with oral therapies. Additionally, topical therapy may also benefit patients who are unresponsive to oral agents or have explicit contraindications. Topical PGE 1 application to the glans penis may become an important treatment option in selected patients suffering from erectile dysfunction.

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