RESUMO -(Variação morfológica e reprodutiva de Aechmea lindenii (E. Morren) Baker var. lindenii (Bromeliaceae)). Buscou-se determinar o efeito da intensidade luminosa sobre as características morfológicas e reprodutivas de A.lindenii, em ambientes de restinga herbácea (alta luminosidade) e sub-bosque de restinga arbórea (baixa luminosidade), em Florianópolis, SC, onde os resultados indicam que a luminosidade pode influenciar no seu fenótipo, produção de néctar, fenologia e sucesso reprodutivo. As plantas esciófitas são maiores e apresentam um período de floração em torno de 120 dias, enquanto que as heliófitas são menores e florescem ao longo de todo o ano. A espécie apresenta atributos florais à ornitofilia, estando o volume (16,7 µL ± 4) e concentração (27,25%) do néctar produzido pelas flores dentro do esperado para espécies polinizadas por beija-flores. A freqüente visitação de Amazilia fimbriata, Thalurania glaucopis e Thalurania sp. (Trochilidae) confirma esta observação, porém abelhas e borboletas também foram consideradas potenciais polinizadores, sugerindo co-evolução de síndromes florais secundárias. Baseando-se nos resultados dos testes de polinizações manuais e no desenvolvimento dos tubos polínicos, pode-se concluir que a espécie não apresenta auto-incompatibilidade, formando frutos com sementes férteis, com germinação superior a 80%, oriundas tanto de fecundação cruzada quanto da autopolinização. A população heliófita apresentou elevadas taxas de partenocarpia (52, 95%) e mostrou ser um método seguro e eficaz de se avaliar a fertilização das flores, podendo-se assim, relacionar a sua freqüência e abundância à ausência ou ineficiência dos visitantes florais. Os frutos e sementes foram dispersos por pássaros das famílias Thraupidae e Pipridae e predados por lagartas da borboleta Tecla sp. (Lycaenidae).Palavras-chave : Bromeliaceae, Floresta Atlântica, partenocarpia, sistema reprodutivo, síndromes florais ABSTRACT -(Morphological and reproductive variation of Aechmea lindenii (E. Morren) Baker var. lindenii (Bromeliaceae)). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the luminosity on morphological and reproductive characteristics of A. lindenii, in environments of "restinga herbácea" (high luminosity) and on an understory of a "restinga arbórea" (low luminosity), in Florianópolis, SC, where the results indicate that the luminosity can influence the bromeliad's phenotype, nectar production, phenology and reproductive success. The shade tolerant plants are bigger and present a flowering period of around 120 days, while the heliophytic plants are smaller and blossom throughout all year. The species presents ornithophilous floral attributes, being the volume (16,7 µL ± 4) and concentration (27,25%) of the nectar produced by the flowers characteristic of a hummingbird pollinated flower. The frequent visitation of Amazilia fimbriata, Thalurania glaucopis and Thalurania sp. (Trochilidae) confirms this suggestion; however bees and butterflies can also be considered potential pollinators, suggest...

No abstract

Natural hybridisation is considered a common fact among species of Bromeliaceae. We here report natural hybridisation between two sympatric Vriesea species, V. incurvata and V. carinata, in the Atlantic Forest of Santa Catarina (southern Brazil), one of the main remnants of the Mata Atlântica forest. Morphological and genetic data were obtained from both parental species and the putative hybrid, individuals of the latter being found to be intermediate between those of the parents. The main differential characters of the nothospecies were the width of the inflorescence and the rachis, length and width of the stigma, and the length of anthers. Moreover, plastid markers and nuclear microsatellites were analysed and we found that the hybrid plants shared genetic information with both parental species, although they showed an overall higher genetic similarity with V. carinata. As a conclusion, the hybrid status of the intermediate plants is accepted and therefore the new nothospecies V. × brueggemannii is described. To date, the presence of the hybrids is restricted to regeneration sites, a fact that points out to the need for preservation of the secondary vegetation as an effective tool for conservation of biodiversity.

ResumoAdaptações evolutivas na morfologia e fisiologia das cactáceas têm sido associadas aos seus mecanismos de dispersão e colonização. Os mecanismos e modos de dispersão de Opuntia monacantha (Willd.) Haw. (Cactaceae) foram caracterizados em duas praias de Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Um marsupial do gênero Didelphis (Mammalia: Didelphidae) foi o único frugívoro e, portanto, dispersor de frutos, apresentando locais específicos para alimentação. A hidrocoria marítima ocorreu após a invasão marinha sobre a vegetação de restinga, caracterizando-se pela dispersão de cladódios e frutos em várias épocas do ano. Descreve-se pela primeira vez a ação do mar como potencial dispersor para uma espécie de cactos. Evolutionary adaptations in the morphology and physiology of cactus species have been associated to their mechanisms of dispersal and colonization. The dispersal mechanisms and modes of Opuntia monacantha (Willd.) Haw. (Cactaceae) were characterized in two beaches in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. A marsupial from the genus Didelphis (Mammalia: Didelphidae) was the only frugivorous and, thus, disperser of fruits, presenting specific eating places. The maritime hydrochory was due to the overwash on restinga vegetation, it is characterized by the dispersal of cladodes and fruits at various times of the year. It is here firstly described the sea action as a potential disperser for a cactus species. Palavras

Orchidaceae show a high diversity of species in Brazil, especially in the Atlantic Forest Biome. Over the course of a 12-month study in the State Park of Serra do Tabuleiro in Southern Brazil, collections were made of orchids occurring in areas of restinga and riparian vegetation. A total of 92 orchid species were registered, belonging to three subfamilies and 51 genera. Octomeria was the best represented genus with ten species. Among all collections, two species are new records for Santa Catarina state, and 20 species is reported for the first time in the studied region. Regarding to conservation, 17 species (19%) are currently included with different threat labellings in any of the red lists of threatened plant species of Brazil. Among the total of orchids registered, 55 species (59%) are characteristic holoepiphytes, 47 species (51%) are restricted to the Atlantic Forest, 77 species (84%) occur in the riparian vegetation, and only nine species (10%) are restricted to restinga vegetation. The remarkable richness of orchids found in the present study highlights the importance for conservation the studied forest remnants. The historical of environmental degradation of the restinga vegetation can be negatively influencing the current floristic composition of the orchid community.