With the growing consumption market of yogurt products, the continuous innovation of packaging design has become the major means of enterprise marketing for fast-moving consumer goods. Because different combinations of packaging design elements affect the consumers in different ways, the contradiction between the product packaging design and consumer demand has impacted the further development of these products’ marketing. To explore the relationship between the constituent elements of yogurt packaging design and consumer preferences, four kinds of factors to the purchased products’ attributes were selected from the packaging design, including the graphics, packaging colors, packaging shapes and label texts. The consumers’ preferences for different attributes of yogurt packaging design were quantitatively evaluated by the Conjoint Analysis Method (CAM). Consumers showed the strongest preference for yogurt packaging shapes (39.017%), and were the most satisfied with the concrete graphics of cool colors (31.330%); the level combination of attributes most preferred by consumers is that of concrete graphics, cool colors, gable-top boxes and simple labels. The packaging design satisfying consumer preferences gave rise to positive purchase attitudes. Such research results facilitated the understanding of the consumption market and provided the theoretical support necessary for the development of yogurt packaging design to match the consumers’ preferences.

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A series of analyses are carried out to predict the structural crashworthiness of a ship during a collision. The numerical configuration is verified by structural simulations based on a laboratory experiment wherein a penetration test is considered as the experimental reference. Comparative observations of structural behaviour are carefully conducted to ensure the reliability of the present method for conducting large-scale collisions. At this stage, the proper procedure and configuration for structural calculations subject to accidental loads are determined. The second stage addresses the calculations for various side collision scenarios. The simulations consider a double hull Ro-Ro passenger ship being struck at various locations, and the overall behaviour of the side hull along the longitudinal axis is observed. The main study considers the target location and striking speed to obtain adequate data related to crashworthiness criteria, i.e. the internal energy and extent of damage. Finally, the criteria of various scenarios are summarized. Further calculations comparing the results with a safety factor are presented together with a consideration of structural behaviour to estimate the safety limit within the confines of strait territory.

In this study, we synthesized the cobalt(II) chelation free complexes (1–3) with the general formula of [CoCl2L2] containing monodentate ligands (L=2‐methylbenzimidazole (L1), 2‐methylbenzoxazole (L2), and 2‐methylbenzothiazole (L3) and fully characterized by UV‐vis, FT‐IR spectroscopy, and the crystal structures of 1–3 were determined by X‐ray crystallography. Complexes 1–3 showed substantial antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. Complexes 2 and 3 were more active against S. aureus with the Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 12.5 μg/mL compared to other bacteria. Complexes 1–3 exhibited strong synergy with ampicillin (AMP) against Methicillin Resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA). Interestingly, complexes 2 and 3 in combination with AMP showed the membrane permeabilization of MRSA. This indicates that complexes 2 and 3 in combination with AMP had bacterial membrane disruption as a possible mechanism of action.

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