Nowadays, software is increasingly used in mining through the exploitation of mineral raw materials, mine design, in performing various field operations, etc. Among mining software, there is software for specific mining operations such as drilling and blasting operations. These processes are very important in the exploitation of solid mineral raw materials because they represent the cheapest and most effective form of rock mass fragmentation. Through the Paper, some of software is presented in the combination with modern technologies that are in use all over the world which have brought great advantages in drilling and blasting operations.

The aim of the paper is to present the oral health profile of 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in Serbia. Basic Methods for Oral Health Surveys of the WHO were implemented to record: Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/Surfaces Index (DMFT/DMFS), gingival bleeding, enamel fluorosis and other structural anomalies, dental erosion, dental trauma, and oral mucosal lesions. In addition, Silness and Löe plaque index and orthodontic status were assessed. A total of 36% of 12-year-olds and 22% of 15-year-olds in Serbia were caries-free. The mean DMFT was 2.32 ± 2.69 for 12-year-olds and 4.09 ± 3.81 for 15-year-olds. DMFT was made up largely by the decayed component. Gingival bleeding was present in 26% of examined 12-year-old and 18% of 15-year-old children. Dental plaque was observed in 63% of both 12- and 15-year-olds. Fluorosis, structural anomalies, dental erosion, dental trauma, and oral mucosal lesion were rarely detected. Low prevalence of malocclusions was found. Oral disease is still a common public health problem among schoolchildren in Serbia. A significant increase in the prevalence of caries disease between 12- and 15-year-old groups implies that preventive care for adolescents requires special attention. Corrective actions and reforms to the current school-based oral health prevention program are needed to further improve oral health in Serbian children.

There is no definitive consensus about the cost-effectiveness of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (AVR) (MI-AVR) compared to conventional AVR (C-AVR). The aim of this study was to compare the rate of postoperative complications and total hospital costs of MI-AVR versus C-AVR overall and by the type of aortic prosthesis (biological or mechanical). Our single-center retrospective study included 324 patients over 18 years old who underwent elective isolated primary AVR with standard stented AV prosthesis at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases “Dedinje” between January 2019 and December 2019. Reintervention, emergencies, combined surgical interventions, and patients with sutureless valves were excluded. In both MI-AVR and C-AVR, mechanical valve implantation contributed to overall reduction of hospital costs with equal efficacy. The cost-effectiveness ratio indicated that C-AVR is cheaper and yielded a better clinical outcome with mechanical valve implantation (67.17 vs. 69.5). In biological valve implantation, MI-AVR was superior. MI-AVR patients had statistically significantly higher LVEF and a lower Euro SCORE than C-AVR patients (Mann–Whitney U-test, p = 0.002 and p = 0.002, respectively). There is a slight advantage to MI-AVR vs. C-AVR, since it costs EUR 9.44 more to address complications that may arise. Complications (mortality, early reoperation, cerebrovascular insult, pacemaker implantation, atrial fibrillation, AV block, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, wound infection) were less frequent in the MI-AVR, making MI-AVR more economically justified than C-AVR (18% vs. 22.1%).

Introduction/Objective. Class III malocclusion is caused by changes in skeletal and/or dentoalveolar structures with typical mesial relationship of posterior teeth. Y? appliance and appliance with screw according to Bertoni can be used in treatment of Class III caused by maxillary retrognathism in period of mixed dentition. The aim of study was to determine and compare changes on skeletal and dentoalveolar structures in patients with Class III treated by ?Y? appliance and appliance with screw according to Bertoni. Methods. 40 patients with Class III were included in this study. Whole sample were divided in two groups, with 20 patients in each group. Including criteria were maxilarry retrognatism, period of mixed dentition and pubertal growth. Excluding criteria were mandibular prognatism, patients with genetical predisposition for skeletal Class III, patients with cleft lip and palate or craniofacial syndrome and period of permanent dentition. Appliances which caused mostly changes on the upper jaw were used in this study because all patients had deficience of maxillary growth. Anamnesis, clinical and functional testing, study casts analysis, analysis of orthopantomograms, lateral cephalograms, extraoral and intraoral photos have been done for each patient. Therapeutic effects were analysed on study casts and lateral cephalograms after this phase of orthodontic treatment. Results. Main dentoalveolar effect was protrusion of the upper incisors. Skeletal effects were not significant. Conclusion. Y appliance and appliance with screw according to Bertoni caused greater changes on dentoalveolar structures comparing to skeletal changes.

Introduction/Objective. The aim of the study was to test the accuracy of Belgrade Age Formula (BAF) formula for dental age estimation on the sample of Montenegrin children. Methods. The radiographs of 134 Montenegrin children (67 females and 67 males) saved as ?jpeg? files were analyzed with Image J software. Sex, the number of teeth with complete development, apex width and tooth length of mandibular canine and second molar were used in order to calculate dental age with BAF formula. Results. The discrepancy between estimated dental age and chronological age was ?0.088 ? 0.64 years; the absolute difference was 0.52 ? 0.39 years. The percentage of participants whose estimated dental age differed 6 months from their chronological age was 61.2 and 53.7 for females and males, respectively, while the percentage of participants whose estimated dental age differed 12 months from their chronological age was 94.0 and 83.6 for females and males. Conclusion. The BAF formula may be an accurate approach for estimating dental age in Montenegrin children aged 10-12 years with uncompleted tooth development. However, BAF formula has to be evaluated on a larger sample of Montenegrin infants in future studies.