Forest soil acidification has been reported to cause reduced forest productivity and decline of some tree species. Soil acidification may cause increased bioavailability of AI and Mn, which are potentially phytotoxic. In an attempt to measure whether or not Pennsylvania forest soils have become more acidic, soil samples were collected at 11 undisturbed forested sites in Pennsylvania in 1993. Limited soil chemistry data obtained through 4 previous studies conducted between 1957 and 1979 were available for each site. Soil pH and concentrations of exchangeable Ca and Mg were measured; results were compared to those obtained in earlier studies. Soil exchangeable AI concentrations were determined for 6 sites for which previous data were available. Chemical analysis methods were evaluated to ensure that methods used in 1993 were comparable to those of the original investigators. Mean pH and exchangeable Mg declined most consistently over the study period in the O horizon and the uppermost A horizon. Mean exchangeable AI decreased in the O horizon and increased in the A horizon. Given the high sulfate and nitrate deposition loads in Pennsylvania, it seems likely that the observed changes are at least in part a consequence of acidic deposition.

: Commercial forestry was the firts major sustained industry in the Alps but since the early 1900s many changes in the industry have taken place. Large areas of commercial forest have been included in national parks. The forestry industry in the early years was based on native hardwood milling. This was undertaken by small sawmills located close to the timber resources, these eventually being relocated nearer to local towns or transport. A native hardwood timber industry still continues, mainly in Victoria, but in New South Wales the alpine forest industry is dominated by pine plnatation forestry. The alpine forest industry makes a significant contribution to the Sates economies not only through timber products bat a part of catchment management, recreation and conservation.

, a USDA-ARS research plant physiologist for 27 years, passed away on 17 Apr. 2020 and left much of her estate to the Agronomic Science Foundation (ASF). "When I heard about her gift, it didn't surprise me, given her commitment to science and the public good," says Stephen Kresovich, Coker Trustees Chair of Genetics at Clemson University, and a member of ASA and CSSA. He worked with Lingle early in her career. "Some people leave money and make a big deal about it. But Sarah was unassuming and selfless and didn't expect plaudits." "Each year the Agronomic Science Foundation makes tremendous impacts in the lives of students, researchers, and practitioners in the Societies through the financial support of awards, lectureships, and service initiatives," says Dr. Seth Murray, chair of the ASF board. "I like to believe that our ASF goals are consistent with the wonderful career Dr. Lingle had and support the scientific community she valued." Dr. Lingle's gift is the single largest made to ASF over its 50+ year history, adding nearly 20% to its portfolio. Her unrestricted gift, to be housed in the priority fund, will be used to support priority activities, projects, and programs identified by the ASF board. "This gift comes just as the Societies have identified critical needs to broaden diversity, equity, and inclusion, while increasing membership," Murray says. "Dr. Lingle's gift will certainly have a huge impact on achieving these and other strategic goals. We hope to use these funds to honor her generosity and her scientific legacy."

Yield-monitoring data can figure in consequential decisions that make a difference in the farm's bottom line. Nowadays, most harvesters are equipped with yield-monitoring technology. Some farmers are using yield maps to develop variable-rate seeding and nutrient prescriptions while others have been reluctant to use the technology. This article will discuss using yield data for on-farm decisions, calibrating yield monitors, and cleaning, managing, and standardizing data. This article focuses primarily on corn and soybean grown in the Midwest. But yield monitors are also used in harvesting other grain crops and are standard on new cotton pickers and sugarcane harvesters, so this discussion also applies to those crops. Earn 1.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at https://web. sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.

Ag drones don’t currently replace ground sprayers, but they can serve as an additional tool. There are many thousands of acres where drones fit right now in Canada, and even though we’re still perfecting our knowledge about drone application and awaiting regulatory clearance, drones are a good answer to many growers’ needs. Earn 1.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.