The leaves and seed oil of Perilla crop (Perilla frutescens L.) have attracted interest as health foods in East Asia. This crop has been traditionally cultivated and used for a long time as a folk plant, especially in Korea. In our study, the 22 SSR markers and eight morphological traits were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure, to select a core collection of 400 Perilla accessions conserved in the RDA-Genebank of South Korea. A total of 173 alleles were detected and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 15 (average = 7.9). Gene diversity and polymorphic information content ranged from 0.138 to 0.868 (average = 0.567) and 0.134 to 0.853 (average = 0.522), respectively. The 400 accessions were not clearly distinguished geographically by STRUCTURE and UPGMA analyses. A core collection (44 accessions) was selected from the entire collection by using PowerCore. The core collection accounted for 11.0% of the entire Perilla collection, including 100% of the number of alleles maintained in the whole collection and with similar or greater Shannon–Weaver and Nei diversity indices than the whole collection. The core collection selected by SSR markers was evenly distributed in three clusters on a scatter plot by eight morphological traits. The first core collection of Perilla accessions was constructed, and it maintained allelic richness. Further modification of the core collection is expected with the continuous addition of new accessions of the two cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types.

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Using morphological characteristics and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, we evaluated the morphological variation and genetic diversity of 200 Perilla accessions collected from the five regions of South Korea and another region. In morphological characteristics analysis, particularly leaf color, stem color, degree of pubescence, and leaf size have been found to help distinguish the morphological features of native Perilla accessions cultivated in South Korea. Twenty SSR primer sets confirmed a total of 137 alleles in the 200 Perilla accessions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 13, with an average number of alleles per locus of 6.85. The average genetic diversity (GD) was 0.649, with a range of 0.290–0.828. From analysis of SSR markers, accessions from the Jeolla-do and Gyeongsang-do regions showed comparatively high genetic diversity values compared with those from other regions in South Korea. In the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis, the 200 Perilla accessions were found to cluster into three main groups and an outgroup with 42% genetic similarity, and did not show a clear geographic structure from the five regions of South Korea. Therefore, it is believed that landrace Perilla seeds are frequently exchanged by farmers through various routes between the five regions of South Korea. The results of this study are expected to provide interesting information on the conservation of these genetic resources and selection of useful resources for the development of varieties for seeds and leafy vegetables of cultivated Perilla frutescens var. frutescens in South Korea.

The cross were conducted between female parent Lilium FA hybrid 'FA97-30 (L. formolongi hybrid 'Raizan' × L. Asiatic hybrid 'A61')' and a male parent L. Asiatic hybrid 'Sgl Pepper' by cut style pollination method (CSM) at Suwon in 1999. And immature embryos were rescue. The first selection was done and was tentatively named as 'FA03-10' in 2003. After in vitro multiplication, acclimatization, and bulb production of 'FA03-10' line, growth and flowering characteristic tests were conducted from 2004 to 2007. The evaluations of crop characteristics and consumer preferences were surveyed at the lily flower show of NIHHS in 2008. 'Apricot Star' flowers in the last of June and grows more than 150 cm in stem length. Flowers with light orange (RHS, O24B) blooms facing upward. The pollen of 'Apricot Star' is sterile. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulbs at-1.5℃. It is needed to prevent Botrytis disease in wet seasons.

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