This study analyses the relationship between institutions and economic growth at the intra-regional level in Colombia. We estimated models of economic growth augmented by an institutional variable and spatial effects. The results show that conditional convergence in regions of Colombia considering institutional and spatial effects leads to a convergence rate that is relatively higher than those found in a standard growth model. The results also show that institutions have a strong positive impact on regional economic growth. The spatial spillover effects of institutional factors of a region exhibit a negative effect on economic growth in neighbouring regions, which can be explained by high levels of heterogeneity and institutional fragmentation found in regions in Colombia.

Este trabajo tiene como propósito establecer la dependencia entre la intención empresarial y las dimensiones culturales de los estudiantes de Maestría en Administración (MBA) en Colombia. La investigación tiene carácter exploratorio, enfoque cuantitativo y alcance correlacional; se recopilaron 485 encuestas válidas en 36 programas presenciales de MBA en 14 ciudades. El referente teórico lo constituyen las dimensiones culturales de Hofstede, al tiempo que se toman dos variables adicionales: la facilidad para hacer negocios del Doing Business y la valoración del entorno emprendedor del General Entrepreneurship Monitor. Las conclusiones indican que las dimensiones de Hofstede no explican la intención empresarial de los estudiantes de MBA en Colombia, a la vez se estima que los habitantes de ciudades de PIB bajo asumen que la actividad empresarial se realiza en forma asociativa y que las normas sociales y culturales en Colombia juegan un rol aparentemente neutro sobre dicha intención empresarial.

The incidence of diverse factors on the intention to create enterprises (EI) motivates the calculation of a multidimensional indicator that groups the initial endowments of the individual and the characteristics of the environment. Thus, the research introduces a new way of measuring business intent based on the mathematical support of the theory of fuzzy sets; thus, employing a sample of MBA students in Colombia, a Multidimensional Index of Enterprise Intent (MIEI) was calculated for 14 cities, segmented by gender, age, and area of studies. The results of the document expose heterogeneity in Colombian cities in terms of EI, with greater development in spatial units with facilities to do business. Particularly, the results denote the presence of an EI cycle in the age range between 30 and 40 years and they confirm Bogotá, D.C., as the city with the highest EI in Colombia. Meanwhile, the findings confirm minor entrepreneurial development in students with vocation for agricultural science.

Este estudio analiza de forma simultánea la segregación residencial y la composición del capital humano para el caso de la ciudad de Armenia (Colombia), planteando las cuestiones sobre la existencia de grupos polares en términos de cualificación de la fuerza laboral e identificando los mecanismos causales que producen su distribución desigual en el territorio. Así, empleando datos censales para el año 2018 se calculan índices de segregación residencial aumentados por efectos espaciales y modelos econométricos espaciales. Los resultados muestran que las dotaciones de capital humano en el mercado laboral tienen externalidades espaciales entre los sectores en Armenia.

Asymmetries in the relative growth of Latin American countries and the disparities in both institutional performance and cultural aspects validate the search for new explanations in analyzing the role of entrepreneurship in economic growth. In this sense, although the study of entrepreneurial intention (EI) has received greater attention in the setting of academic research and design of public policy, the literature voids remain related with the treatment of the phenomenon as a multidimensional problem in situations in which the information available is scarce and not structured. Due to the aforementioned, this document proposes a mathematical model based on fussy logic techniques from the study of the factors that impact upon the EI of undergraduate students in administration in three Latin American countries: Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia.