The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey overcame difficulties encountered when students have little or no contact with patients. Our findings show that the risk of burnout prevalence doubled from the third year to sixth year of training and that gender was not significantly associated with any of the subscales of burnout.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, gender influence, and relationships between burnout, depression and suicidal ideation within the last year among second, fourth and fifth-year dental students. Study Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 212 dental students enrolled in the second, fourth and fifth years at the School of Dentistry of Seville using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey and the MBI-Human Services Survey, the “Patient Health Questionnaire-2”, and the “Questions about Suicidal Ideation and Attempted Suicide”. Results: The response rate among dental students was 80%. Burnout prevalence in dental students was higher in second and fourth years than in fifth year (p= 0.059 and p= 0.003, respectively). Depression prevalence in the fourth year approached significance (p= 0.051). Prevalence of suicidal ideation within the past year was higher, yet not reaching significance, in fourth year. No gender-related differences were found. A significant association was observed between burnout and depression, and between depression and suicidal ideation (p< 0.001), but no association was found between burnout and suicidal ideation. Conclusions: This study has brought our attention to the high prevalence of burnout and depression, and reported for the first time the prevalence of suicidal ideation among dental students in preclinical and clinical years. Key words:Burnout, depression, suicidal ideation, dental students.

The aim of this study was to confirm whether the length of the first metatarsal and the length of the hallux are greater than normal in the initial phase of the hallux valgus deformity. In a sample of 152 radiographs (98 of normal feet and 54 of incipient hallux valgus feet), the length of the first metatarsal and the hallux was measured according to methods previously described. Comparisons were made between normal and hallux valgus feet, and between male and female feet. The results show significant differences between the two groups in the first metatarsal (P < 0.0001) and hallux (P<0.001). In the male feet, these differences are more marked (when comparing the length of the hallux between the female hallux valgus feet and the female normal feet, P>0.05). This indicates that in men with hallux valgus, the excess in length of the first metatarso-digital segment is greater than in women that develop this deformity, at least in its initial phase. According to these results, the size of the first metatarso-digital segment could be involved in the development of the hallux valgus deformity.Résumé Le but de cette étude est de confirmer l'excès de longueur du premier métatarsiens et du gros orteil lors de la survenue d'une déformation en hallux valgus. Cent cinquante-deux radiographies ont été analysées, 98 pieds normaux, 54 pieds présentant un début d'hallux valgus. La longueur du premier métatarsien et de l'hallux ont été mesurées et la comparaison a été réalisée entre les deux variétés de pieds, et entre les hommes et les femmes. Les résultats de cette étude montrent qu'il existe une différence significative entre les deux groupes P<0.0001 pour le premier métatarsien et p<0.001 pour la longueur du gros orteil. Cette différence est beaucoup plus marquée chez l'homme que chez la femme. Cette étude montre donc que chez l'homme présentant un hallux valgus, l'excès de longueur du premier métatarsien et du gros orteil sont plus importants que chez la femme, au moins au début de la déformation. Ceci doit être pris en compte lors de la survenue d'un Hallux Valgus.

Neuropsychiatric tools are useful to discriminate DLB from AD. Hallucinations and delusions are not only more frequent in DLB than in AD but also have distinct qualitative characteristics and patterns of progression that can help clinicians to make a more accurate differential diagnosis.

Excessive medial deviation of the first metatarsal is not a causal factor but rather a consequence of hallux valgus deformity.