No abstract

The method of enamel conditioning revealed no significant effect on the enamel surface after debonding. Neither polishing via air abrasion nor carbide bur resulted in differences in superficial roughness. However, the carbide bur left a wave-like pattern on the enamel surface.

A wide array of elastic chains with various force levels is available. However, differences between products of greater than 100% were measured for force decay over time.

No abstract

A retrospective clinical study, using a reflex microscope, measured arch widths, palatal shelf widths, cleft widths, and palatal shelf angulation from 26 sets of plaster models of infants' maxillary arches at birth, and at 3 and 6 months. All infants had unilateral clefts of the lip and palate. They were treated with active preoperative orthopedics until lip repair at 3 months and with a passive plate until palate repair. Cleft width significantly decreased during these periods, due to transverse growth, along with relative flattening of the palatal shelves. Arch width contracted slightly anteriorly, but remained stable posteriorly. Preoperative orthopedics may have helped these changes by removing the effects of the tongue action and allowing unrestricted growth of the palatal shelves.