Gauromydas Wilcox, Papavero & Pimentel, 1989 are giant flies, and include the largest fly known, G. heros (Perty, 1833). This genus was originally erected to group four Neotropical species, namely G. apicalis (Wiedemann, 1830), G. autuorii (d'Andretta, 1951), G. heros, and G. mystaceus (Wiedemann, 1830). As with most of the remaining Mydidae, adults of Gauromydas are very rarely collected. We here describe two new species of Gauromydas (G. mateus sp. nov. and G. papaveroi sp. nov.) discovered in entomological collections, including specimens unstudied for up to eight decades. We also provide revised diagnoses for the remaining four species of Gauromydas, along with a new key and new distribution records for the genus.

The Brazilian genus Eumydas Wilcox & Papavero, 1971 (Diptera: Mydidae: Apiophorinae) is herein revised. Three species are recognized: the type-species E. compas Wilcox & Papavero, 1971, E. itapiruba sp.n. and E. wilcoxi (Papavero, 1976) comb.n. The female oíE. wilcoxi is described for the first time. The known geographical range of the genus is expanded, with new records from Santa Catarina and Espirito Santo states in Brazil. An identification key is provided for the species.

The Rhinotorini (Diptera, Heleomyzidae) are currently divided into three subtribes, which were considered as monophyletic groups. Rhinotorina, the main focus of this study includes Rhinotora Schiner, Apophoneura Malloch, Neorhinotora Lopes, and Rhinotoroides Lopes. This study is aimed to provide a hypothesis of homology among the structures of the male terminalia of the four genera of Rhinotorina, as well as to reassess the diagnostic features proposed by D. McAlpine for the subtribe, and to furnish new information about the morphology of these structures, particularly of the hypopygium. Species of the four genera of Rhinotorina were studied, as well as species of other subtribes of Rhinotorini. The putative synapomorphies for the Rhinotorina stated by D. McAlpine are considered here to be consistent, being observed in the four genera included in the present study. The hypopygium in Rhinotorina, in contrast, is very variable, and the study of its structures has added only one diagnostic feature to Rhinotorina: the presence of a ventral plate on the hypandrium. The degree of variation is not equivalent among the structures of the hypopygium: the surstyli are the most variable structures in Neorhinotora, and are very useful to diagnose species, and the shape of the epandrium, bacilliform sclerites, cerci, phallus, ejaculatory apodeme, phallapodeme, and hypandrium are very conservative in this genus. In Rhinotora, on the other hand, whereas the cerci, surstyli, phallus, phallapodeme, and postgonites vary widely among the species, the shapes of the bacilliform sclerites and the ejaculatory apodeme are relatively constant. The comparisons made among the male terminalia of Rhinotorina suggest that this set of structures is a promising source of informative characters for future phylogenetic studies of Rhinotorini and Heleomyzidae.

ABSTRACT. We provide a checklist of fl ies of the families Heleomyzidae, Neriidae, and Oestridae in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Heleomyzidae are represented in Brazil by 13 species, and only Neorhinotora aristalis (Fischer) is recorded to the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The two reported species of Neriidae, Longina abdominalis Wiedemann and Nerius pilifer Fabricius, are among the 15 species now known in Brazil. The Oestridae family is represented by two species distributed in two genera: Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr.) and Cuterebra rufi ventris Macquart.