The risk of depression is significantly increased for patients with osteoporosis in primary care practices within Germany.

The risk of depression is significantly higher in patients with late-onset RA than in patients without RA for subjects treated in primary care practices in Germany. RA patients should be screened routinely for depression in order to ensure improved treatment and management.

There is increasing evidence that physical exercise leads to numerous positive effects in PwMS. However, long-term effects of exercise may only be achievable if training is implemented in daily routine. Enabling patients to exercise regularly, we developed a patient education program focused on evidence-based information of training. PwMS were educated in neurophysiological effects of physical exercise, exercise-induced benefits for PwMS, and risk factors (e.g., weather). Fifteen PwMS were analyzed before (T 0) and after (T 1) a 12-week patient education. Afterwards, participants performed their exercises autonomously for 32 weeks and were tested in sustainability tests (T 2). Guided interviews were carried out, additionally. Significant improvements from T 0 to T 1 were found in 6MWT, gait velocity, TUG, fatigue, and quality of life. Significant results of TUG and gait velocity from T 1 to T 2 demonstrated that participants kept few effects after the 32-week training phase. Qualitative analyses showed improved self-confidence and identified training strategies and barriers. This pilot study provides evidence that PwMS are able to acquire good knowledge about physical exercise and apply this knowledge successfully in training management. One might conclude that this exercise-based patient education seems to be a feasible option to maintain or improve patients' integral constitution concerning physical and mental health.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases remain the number one cause of death worldwide, and many survivors suffer lasting disabilities. Occupational therapy can help such patients regain as much function as possible. However, little is known about the factors influencing referrals to occupational therapy after stroke or myocardial infarction (MI). Method: Data from the IMS Disease Analyzer ® database were observed for a three-year period. The study population included 7,440 patients who were examined by a cardiologist due to stroke or MI. In addition to baseline characteristics, the presence of certain cardiovascular risk factors or comorbidities was recorded. Cox regression analyses were performed and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was utilized. Results: Occupational therapy was received by 1,779 patients; 88.5% had suffered an MI and 11.5% a stroke. In the group without referral (n = 5,661), 60.7% had experienced an MI and 39.3% a stroke. No significant gender-related differences were observed. Younger age, an MI diagnosis, and the presence of hypertension positively influenced referral rate and time, while risk factors, such as adiposity, delayed therapy. The CCI was higher in the group with occupational therapy. Conclusion: The chance of being offered occupational therapy increased with younger age, history of MI, and the presence of hypertension. Future studies should also consider severity of ischemic lesion to account for the degree of remaining impairment.

Zusammenfassung Multiple Sklerose (MS) ist eine chronisch-entz?ndliche Autoimmunerkrankung des Zentralnervensystems. Neben der medikament?sen Behandlung nehmen sport- und bewegungstherapeutische Ans?tze einen immer gr??eren Stellenwert in der MS-Therapie ein. Zahlreiche Studien zeigen einen positiven Einfluss regelm??iger sportlicher Aktivit?t auf k?rperliche Leistungsf?higkeit, Symptomatik und Lebensqualit?t bei Personen mit MS (PmMS). Da Sport und Bewegung gr??tenteils selbstgesteuerte Ma?nahmen darstellen, sollten Betroffene nicht nur informiert werden, sondern gezielte Schulungen f?r die Gestaltung sportlichen Trainings im Alltag erhalten. In dieser ?bersichtsarbeit werden bisher durchgef?hrte Patientenschulungen f?r PmMS systematisch recherchiert und inhaltlich dahingehend gepr?ft, inwieweit Betroffene bez?glich Sport und Bewegung ausgebildet werden. Aus 1?022 Treffern wurden 28 Studien in den Review inkludiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in nur wenigen Patientenschulungen Sport und Bewegung bei MS thematisiert und/oder Empfehlungen f?r den Alltag gegeben werden. In 6 Studien werden sportorientierte Patientenschulungen mit dem Ziel evaluiert, Betroffene vermehrt an Sport und k?rperliche Aktivit?t zu binden. Weitere 6 MS-spezifische Patientenschulungen beinhalten mindestens eine Schulungseinheit zu Sport und/oder k?rperlicher Aktivit?t. 16 Patientenschulungen zielen weder auf das Sport- oder Bewegungsverhalten ab, noch weisen sie aufkl?rende Informationen auf. Bisher werden Betroffene innerhalb von Patientenschulungsprogrammen schwerpunktm??ig in Krankheits- und Fatigue Management geschult. Basierend auf der aktuellen Datenlage sollten Sport und Bewegung zuk?nftig in Schulungsangebote f?r PmMS integriert, bereits bestehende sportorientierte Schulungen weiterentwickelt sowie das Schulungsangebot f?r Betroffene erweitert werden. Neben den Patienten sollten MS-Spezialisten Kenntnisse ?ber das Schulungs- und Beratungsangebot f?r PmMS besitzen, da sie als Erstkontakt entsprechende Empfehlungen fr?hzeitig an den Patienten weitergeben k?nnen.