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To investigate the effects of dietary fat quality on synthesis and esterification of cholesterol, Syrian hamsters were fed diets containing corn, olive, coconut or menhaden oils (10% w/w) with added cholesterol (0.1% w/w). After 3 weeks, animals were sacrificed 90 min following IP injection of 3H2O. Synthesis of free cholesterol and movement of free cholesterol into ester pools were measured from 3H-uptake rate in liver and duodenum. Plasma total cholesterol and triglycerides levels were highest in coconut oil-fed animals, whereas hepatic total cholesterol and ester levels were elevated in olive oil-fed animals, as compared with all other groups. No diet-related differences were seen in duodenal cholesterol or total fatty acid content. In duodenum, uptake of 3H per g tissue into cholesterol was greater compared with liver; however, within each tissue, 3H-uptake into cholesterol was similar across groups. Notably, 3H-uptake into cholesterol ester in liver was highest in menhaden oil-fed animals. These data suggest that menhaden fish oil consumption results in enhanced movement of newly synthesized cholesterol into ester as compared with other fat types.

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