a b s t r a c tThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with an aerobic chamber (AC) in the treatment of domestic wastewater with a low organic load (0.10 ± 0.02 to 0.51 ± 0.10 kg COD·m -3 ·d -1). The entire system consisted of three anaerobic chambers (C1, C2, C3), one aerobic chamber (AC) and one laminar settling tank (LST), operated for 30 weeks , with average concentrations of 214 ± 63 mg·L -1 in the influent and 48 ± 25 mg·L -1 in the effluent. Considering the entire system (ABR + AC + LST), the values of total removal efficiency for COD varied between 49 and 92%, with an average removal of 78 ± 9%. No accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was found, as the VFA concentration remained between 32 and 76 mg HAc·L -1 at the influent and between 21 and 53 mg HAc·L -1 at C3. Bio molecular analyses showed a great variety of bacterial communities established in all phases of monitoring and low archaeal community diversity. The combined configuration (ABR + AC) has shown great potential for the treatment of domestic wastewater, thereby being considered as a promising alternative for decentralized treatment.

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a b s t r ac tThe performances of an anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor (AABR) and a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HFCW) have been investigated. In this study, both systems were operated in parallel using the same source of domestic low-strength wastewater ( in the HFCW. The AABR and HFCW achieved 78% ± 9% and 82% ± 9% COD average removal rates, respectively. To compare the results, a statistical test (significance level of 0.05) was used and showed no significant difference between the systems in terms of organic matter and total suspended solids (TSS) removal. In addition, this study addressed energy costs and treatment capacity per area for both wastewater treatment systems that were studied independently with capacities for 20 habitants, and showed lower energy consumptions per month when compared with a domestic electric shower generally used by a sample Brazilian family consisting of four members.