Rational prescribing is an important element in achieving the quality of health services which is one indicator in patient safety in hospital. The purpose of this study was to find out how the collaboration of the role of doctors and pharmacists in rational prescribing at Rantauprapat District Hospital. The research methodology uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with doctors and pharmacists on duty at Rantauprapat District Hospital. The results showed that the form of collaboration between doctors and pharmacists in rational prescribing conducted at Rantauprapat District Hospital included: reviewing prescription contents, solving problems related to drug use and providing drug information. The results also showed that the obstacles in implementing collaborative roles of doctors and pharmacists included: the problem of the quantity of pharmacists that did not meet the standards and the limited pharmacist's knowledge of clinical pharmacy and the limited communication between doctors and pharmacists. Mitigation efforts include: recruiting pharmacists with clinical pharmacy qualifications, providing continuing education and training in clinical pharmacy to pharmacists, evaluating the implementation of pharmacy service policies in hospitals especially visits with doctors and pharmacists and building communication links between doctors and pharmacists through empowering the role of the pharmaceutical and therapeutic committee.

Acceptability is an important factor in the success of additional feeding programs in the form of cookies in malnourished toddlers. The purpose of this study was to find out the acceptability of cookies that are substituted with mocaf flour, and varied with red bean flour, and herbal chicken gizzard. This experimental study was conducted using a completely randomized design using 3 factors and 3 treatments (C1, C2 and C3), namely each treatment used the same amount of mocaf flour, namely 120 g, red bean flour each 110 g, 100 g, 90 g and herbal chicken gizzard 20 g, 30 g and 40 g. Acceptance test was conducted on 30 toddlers aged 2-5 years in the Medan Tuntungan Health Center Work Area. The data were analyzed using the Krusskal-Wallis test and continued with the Mann-Whitney test. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that organoleptic assessment based on flavour, color, taste, texture and form of treatment C1 is classified as favorable, while treatment C2 and C3 is classified as less favorable. The results of the Krusskal Wallis test proved that there were differences between the three cookie treatments (p< 0.05), and the Mann-Whitney test results showed that the C1-treated cookies were significantly different from the C2 and C3 treatments (p<0.05). In conclusion, cookies with mocaf flour substitution (120g) which were varied with more red bean flour (110g) and less gizzard (20g) had the best acceptability, so that it can be used as an additional food for the improvement of nutrition of toddlers with less nutrition.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem due to insufficient intake for a long time, in Indonesia the prevalence is high. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies if the length/height z score is below −2 SD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between parenting, and nutrient intake (energy and protein) with stunting in children aged 24-59 years. This study used a cross sectional design with a sample of 117 children. Data collection was carried out with questionnaire instruments for parenting, and 24-hour food recall for nutritional intake. Data stunting was performed by comparing the height of the children measured by the WHO growth standards. Correlation analysis using Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting for children aged 24-59 months was 50.4%. There was a significant correlation between parenting with stunting (r = 0.287 and p = 0.02), energy intake with stunting (r = 0.215 and p = 0.020) and protein intake with stunting (r = 0.354 and p = 0.0001). It is recommended that the Ministry of Health improve nutrition surveillance programs, and encourage the community to monitor the growth of children under five years every month in health services.