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In this article, the optical interconnection loss in OEPCB was discussed for fabrication tolerance study. The LightTool simulator showed that the optical loss variation at mirror angles from 44 to 46 was less than 0.5 dB. The diamond-blade approach was applied and the 45 6 1 mirror was implemented. The waveguide interface coupling loss was also discussed by different waveguide terminal surface quality. The diamond-blade method could provide smooth surface and low coupling loss. A prototype OEPCB was fabricated and achieved the propagation loss of 0.1 dB/cm and mirror coupling loss of 0.8 dB. After one hundred thousand of 0 -180 bending fatigue tests, the propagation loss was increased lower than 0.2 dB. The eye diagrams with 10 Gbps signals at 2-mm bending radius was showing a high Q factor more than 10. As the flexible polymer waveguide optical loss on OEPCB was insensitive to the bending, a higher Q factor was possible for the higher bit rate. In summary, a prototype OEPCB combined with the optical flexible waveguide and electrical rigid PCB was demonstrated with its high speed optical interconnection applications. We also confirmed that a 4ch VCSEL array and a 4-ch PD array could successfully transmit light signals at the total speed of 40 Gbps.

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A new optical interconnection scheme based on a rigid flexible optical electrical printed circuit board (RFOE-PCB) is suggested. The easily installed RFOE-PCB can be universally applied for both chip- and board-level optical interconnections. This letter describes the detailed fabrication process, optical properties, and heat-resisting property of the RFOE-PCB. The fabricated RFOE-PCB was also successfully demonstrated with a 2.5-Gb/s data transmission through a 45 degrees-ended optical waveguide embedded in the RFOE-PCB.

A novel triangular resonator with a long evanescent field around the critical angle has been analysed and demonstrated for the first time. The sensitivity of the resonance shift used for changing the refractive index of 1 × 10 25 at the incidence angle of 188 is 1.04 × 10 27 nm/ RIU for transverse magnetic polarised light. An extinction ratio of 6 dB was observed near 1550 nm, where the incidence angle of the total internal reflection mirror inside the resonator was 188.Introduction: Microring resonators are very desirable for photonic applications owing to their compact features and manifold functionality [1]. Owing to very high Q-factor resonances and steep slopes, photonic microring resonators have begun to be employed in biological and chemical sensing [2]. Triangular resonators, also known as ring resonators, can provide an attractive solution for such functions [3]. Very compact cavities can be achieved by combining the total internal reflection (TIR) mirrors with regular waveguides. One of the TIR mirrors can then be used for the sensing region because of the Goos-Hänchen (GH) effect in the TIR mirror having a sharp incident angle. The TIR mirror having a sharp incident angle increases the evanescent field owing to the GH shift. Because of this, long evanescent fields can be employed to measure the quantities happening in biological events. In this Letter, we propose and investigate a novel triangular ring resonator incorporating a TIR mirror with a long evanescent field to achieve compactness and high sensitivity.