Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been recommended for targeted monkeypox vaccination. We aimed to investigate monkeypox awareness and explore the correlates of monkeypox vaccination hesitancy among MSM in China. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey from August 10 to September 9, 2022. Awareness related to monkeypox and attitude toward monkeypox vaccination among MSM aged ≥18 years were collected. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to evaluate correlates of vaccination hesitancy. The discrepancy in awareness between subgroups regarding HIV status was assessed. A total of 1090 MSM were included (age: median 30 years, interquartile range [IQR], 25–35; HIV‐infected: 53.12%). Only 13.85% of respondents expressed high monkeypox vaccination hesitancy. Hesitancy was associated with no fixed income (adjuster odds ratio [aOR], 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–4.11), infrequent information following (sometimes, 3.01, 1.55–5.83; seldom or never, 5.66, 2.58–12.45), and lack of worries about monkeypox endemic (1.78, 1.11–2.87). Participants who believed that HIV‐infected cases accounted for a smaller proportion (1.62, 1.01–2.60), disagreed that monkeypox virus could be detected in semen (2.21, 1.26–3.88), and considered either replication‐competent (1.84, 1.14–2.96) or replication‐deficient (4.80, 2.26–10.21) monkeypox vaccine unsuitable for HIV‐infected people were generally more hesitant. Compared with HIV‐uninfected MSM, HIV‐infected MSM supported more for vaccination promotion. MSM in China had low hesitancy toward monkeypox vaccination. Safety and affordability of vaccine and availability of information were essential aspects to reduce hesitancy. Education on vaccination benefits should be encouraged to promote future vaccination plans.

With a large population most susceptible to Omicron and emerging SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, China faces uncertain scenarios if reopening its border. Thus, we aimed to predict the impact of combination preventative interventions on hospitalization and death. An age‐stratified susceptible‐infectious‐quarantined‐hospitalized‐removed‐susceptible (SIQHRS) model based on the new guidelines of COVID‐19 diagnosis and treatment (the ninth edition) was constructed to simulate the transmission dynamics of Omicron within 365 days. At baseline, we assumed no interventions other than 60% booster vaccination in individuals aged ≤60 years and 80% in individuals aged >60 years, quarantine and hospitalization. Oral antiviral medications for COVID‐19 and nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and antigen self‐testing were considered in subsequent scenarios. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to reflect different levels of interventions. A total of 0.73 billion cumulative quarantines (95% CI 0.53–0.83), 33.59 million hospitalizations (22.41–39.31), and 0.62 million deaths (0.40–0.75) are expected in 365 days. The case fatality rate with pneumonia symptoms (moderate, severe and critical illness) is expected to be 1.83% (1.68–1.99%) and the infected fatality rate is 0.38‰ (0.33–0.4‰). The highest existing hospitalization and ICU occupations are 3.11 (0.30–3.85) and 20.33 (2.01–25.20) times of capacity, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that interventions can be adjusted to meet certain conditions to reduce the total number of infections and deaths. In conclusion, after sufficient respiratory and ICU beds are prepared and the relaxed NPIs are in place, the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant would not seriously impact the health system.

Our study aims to assess the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors among Chinese college students. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 18 May to 17 June 2022. A total of 3916 participants were included. The coverage of the first dose, complete vaccination and booster vaccination among college students was 99.49%, 81.96% and 79.25%, respectively. College students with an older age (AOR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57–0.90), non-medical major (0.47, 0.37–0.61) and studying in north-east China (0.35, 0.22–0.58) were less likely to complete vaccination. Individuals who were female (1.62, 1.35–1.94) and received a recombinant subunit vaccine (8.05, 5.21–12.45) were more likely to complete vaccination. Non-medical students (0.56, 0.43–0.73) and students studying in north-east China (0.28, 0.16–0.49) were less likely to receive a booster dose, while female students (1.51, 1.23–1.85) had a higher likelihood. The main reason for being unvaccinated was “contraindication” (75.00%), and the main reason for not receiving a booster dose was “being too busy to attend to it” (61.37%). This study demonstrated a high adherence to the COVID-19 vaccination policy among Chinese college students. Targeted strategies should be applied to remove barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among college students.

Background College students generally have good knowledge about COVID-19 and may facilitate COVID-19 vaccination in family. The purpose of this study is to understand college students’ willingness to persuade their grandparents to initiate COVID-19 vaccination and the effect of their persuasion. Methods A combined cross-sectional and experimental study will be conducted online. In the cross-sectional study (Phase I), eligible participants are college students who are aged ≥ 16 years and have at least one living grandparent aged ≥ 60 years who has/have not completed the COVID-19 vaccination. Participants self-complete Questionnaire A to collect information on the socio-demographics of themselves and their grandparents, their knowledge about older adults’ COVID-19 vaccination, as well as Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) predictor variables. The primary outcome at Phase I is college students’ willingness to persuade grandparents to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Those who are willing to persuade grandparents and participate in a follow-up survey will be invited to participate in a randomized controlled trial (Phase II). At Phase II, eligible participants are those who have at least one living grandparent aged ≥ 60 years who completed the COVID-19 initial vaccination series but has/have not received a booster dose. At the baseline, participants self-complete Questionnaire B to collect information on individual grandparents’ COVID-19 vaccination status, attitude towards and intention to COVID-19 booster dose. Participants will then be randomly allocated 1:1 to either intervention arm (one-week smartphone-based health education on older adults’ COVID-19 vaccination plus two weeks’ waiting period) or control arm (three weeks’ waiting period). At the end of week three, participants in both arms self-complete Questionnaire C to collect information on their grandparents’ COVID-19 vaccination status. The primary outcome at Phase II is the uptake rate of COVID-19 booster dose among grandparents. Secondary outcomes include grandparents’ attitude and intention to get a COVID-19 booster dose. Discussion No previous study had measured the effect of college students’ persuasion on COVID-19 vaccination uptake in older adults. Findings from this study will provide evidence for innovative and potentially feasible interventions that further promote COVID-19 vaccination in older adults. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200063240. Registered 2 September 2022.

Sexual lifestyles are closely related to overall human health and well-being. Few studies have focused on sexual lifestyles among older adults living with HIV (OALHIV), especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study is a part of the sexual well-being among older adults in China (SWELL) study, which is a multi-centre cross-sectional study focused on sexual health among older adults aged 50 years and older. Participants were 680 OALHIV (≥ 50 years old) from the SWELL study conducted from June 2020 to December 2022. Data were collected through one-on-one interviews. We used logistic regression to assess the correlates of sexual activity and sexual satisfaction. Among all participants, 37.1% were sexually active. Being older, male, in a steady relationship, and employed were associated with being sexually active. The prevalence of sexual satisfaction was 69.8% among sexually active OALHIV. Being homosexual and reporting a better general health status were associated with sexual satisfaction. OALHIV who have depressive symptoms were less likely to report sexual satisfaction. To support holistic healthy ageing among OALHIV, it is important for healthcare providers to be educated about the importance of enquiring about sexual activity, satisfaction and problems, and addressing concerns whilst conveying sex-positive attitudes during clinical reviews, as these are still critical aspects of their health and well-being.