Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETpc) composed the plots and three genotypes (‘FHIA 18’, ‘Grande-Naine’, and ‘Prata’) the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar ‘FHIA 18’, differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes ‘Grande-Naine’ and ‘Prata’, an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype ‘Prata’, the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype ‘Prata’ increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Grande-Naine’.
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de frutos de araticum no Cerrado do Estado de Goiás. Foram selecionadas, para a realização do trabalho, 14 áreas de ocorrência natural do araticum no Estado de Goiás, de janeiro de 2000 a julho de 2002. Em cada área, foram selecionadas de 30 a 40 plantas adultas de araticum. O delineamento experimental adotado corresponde ao modelo hierárquico, para produção de frutos, sendo os dados obtidos submetidos à análise de variância. A estrutura espacial da variação fenotípica entre as populações das áreas analisadas foi investigada a partir do critério de ligação UPGMA. Os resultados demonstraram que a produção de frutos de araticum é baixa e variável entre as áreas e entre os anos, sendo a média de 2,97 aproveitáveis e de 1,37 frutos inaproveitáveis por planta. A variação fenotípica de caracteres morfológicos entre populações de araticum do Estado de Goiás não apresenta um padrão de estruturação espacial. A produção de frutos por planta é muito variável, sendo que algumas plantas apresentam características produtivas e de qualidade aparente de frutos que as credenciam com potencial para plantas-matrizes. As principais pragas que atacam os frutos de araticum são: Spermologus funereus, Cerconota anonella e Bephratelloides pomorum. A pressão antrópica sobre os ambientes naturais de produção de araticum tem reduzido a produção atual e pode inviabilizar as produções futuras.
RESUMO -Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento vegetativo de cultivares de bananeira sob lâminas de irrigação. As lâminas de irrigação corresponderam à testemunha, 40; 80 e 120% da evapotranspiração potencial da cultura estimada a partir da evaporação do tanque classe A. O experimento foi conduzido no período de 24 de janeiro de 2004 a 23 de janeiro de 2006, com as cultivares: falsa FHIA 18, Grande Naine, Prata e Thap Maeo. As quatro cultivares apresentaram respostas significativas às lâminas de irrigação, no entanto falsa FHIA 18 teve o maior número de variáveis influenciadas. O uso da irrigação influenciou de forma diferenciada no comportamento das cultivares. O efeito de lâminas dentro de cultivares, aos quatro meses após o plantio, ocorreu apenas na cultivar Prata para a altura de plantas, aos oito meses do plantio em todas as cultivares e variáveis. Na ocasião da colheita, houve efeito das lâminas de irrigação dentro das quatro cultivares. No segundo ciclo, não se verificou resposta à irrigação aos quatro e oito meses da escolha do primeiro seguidor; ocorreu o efeito de cultivares e resposta à irrigação no número de folhas viáveis aos quatro meses dentro de Grande Naine, e na altura de plantas e no diâmetro aos oito meses. O crescimento e o desenvolvimento vegetativo das cultivares falsa FHIA 18, Grande Naine, Prata e Thap Maeo, nas condições do Cerrado, são influenciados positivamente com o uso da irrigação. O ciclo total das quatro cultivares diminui com o uso da irrigação. Termos para indexação: Musa sp., bananeira, crescimento, desenvolvimento, irrigação. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATED BANANA ORCHARD CULTIVARSABSTRACT -This study had the objective of evaluating the vegetative cultivars behavior of banana orchard under levels of irrigation. The irrigation levels indicated the control 40, 80 and 120% of the evaporation-transpiration potential of the culture based on evaporation in a classe-A tank. The experiment was lead in the period of January 24, 2004 through January 23, 2006, with the cultivars of: false FHIA 18, Grand Naine, Prata and Thap Maeo. The four cultivars presented significant answers to the irrigation levels, however false FHIA 18 had the biggest number of variables influenced by the irrigation levels. The use of the irrigation levels influenced the behavior of the cultivars in a differentiated manner. The effect of levels inside the cultivars, four months after the plantation, affected only the height of plants in the Prata cultivars. By eight months, every cultivars and variables were affected. At the time of harvest, the levels of irrigation had affected all the four cultivars. During the second cycle, a feedback to the irrigation levels was not observed in the four and eight months of the first follower; the effect occurred to the cultivars and the feedback to the irrigation in the number of viable leaves by four months of the cultivars Grand Naine, and in the height of plants and in the diameter by eight months. The growth and the vegetative development of the fals...
Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ET pc ) composed the plots and three genotypes ('FHIA 18', 'GrandeNaine', and 'Prata') the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar 'FHIA 18', differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes 'Grande-Naine' and 'Prata', an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype 'Prata', the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype 'Prata' increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes 'FHIA 18' and 'Grande-Naine'.
A Índia é o maior produtor de banana do mundo, seguida da China, Filipinas e do Brasil. Este, por sua vez, é o segundo produtor em área colhida, sendo inferior apenas à Índia, em 2007. Equador e Bélgica foram os maiores exportadores e ABSTRACT RESUMO importadores mundiais, respectivamente, em 2006 (Agrianual 2009). Existe, no Brasil, um número expressivo de variedades de bananeira, porém, poucas são utilizadas comercialmente, devido a aspectos como produtividade, tolerância a pragas, resistência à seca e ao frio, porte e preferência do consumidor (Alves 1999).
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