IntroductionConsidering that physical activity plays a key role in the health of workers, a growing number of researchers are studying its relationship with various workplace outcomes, such as presenteeism. Numerous scientists recognise the relevance of further studying this relationship in order to improve our understanding of it. However, studies about the association between physical activity and presenteeism show some discrepancy in the results obtained. Disparity in the way of measuring presenteeism makes it even more challenging to compare results. In addition, it remains difficult to determine the optimal frequency, intensity, duration and type of physical activity to increase the productivity benefits of physical activity. In light of these issues, clarification through a scoping review of the literature on the subject is warranted.Method and analysisA search strategy will be conducted in six scientific databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ABI Inform Global, Web of Science and Business Source Premier. A screening process by two independent reviewers will lead to study selection. Quantitative and qualitative studies written in English about the relation between physical activity and presenteeism will be considered for inclusion. Data on the definition and measurement of presenteeism as well as the measurement of physical activity will be extracted. Additional data will be extracted to provide a descriptive overview of studies that have examined the relationship between presenteeism and physical activity.Ethics and disseminationAs this study will be based only on published studies, ethics approval is not required. Through the manner in which the included studies will be presented (categorised by their approach to presenteeism), this scoping review has the potential to improve our understanding of some of the inconsistencies observed in the literature. This review can also identify gaps in the existing evidence base and lead to new avenues of research.
Objective The aim of this study is to scope the literature on what is currently known between physical activity and presenteeism. Data Source A search strategy was conducting in six scientific databases. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Studies written in English about the relation between physical activity and presenteeism were considered for inclusion. Data Extraction Data on definitions and measurement of presenteeism and physical activity were extracted. Data Synthesis The data is categorized according to the understanding of presenteeism of the studies to give a better idea of how this phenomenon is studied in relation to physical activity. Results After screening 9773 titles and abstracts and 269 full-text articles, 57 unique articles fulfilled our eligibility criteria. The majority of the articles were published since 2010 and originated predominantly in the United States. Most studies (70%) define presenteeism as lost productivity due to health problems, according to the American line of research, whereas 19% of the studies define it as “working while ill” which refers to the European line of research. The studies that reflected the American school of thought tends to report more results that supported their hypothesis (i.e., that more physical activity is associated with less presenteeism). Conclusion This review has highlighted the homogeneity in how presenteeism is conceptualized and measured in studies included in our sample. Research on physical activity and presenteeism should be expanded across various disciplines in social sciences to respond to the needs that many researchers have expressed to promote healthier organizations.
Le télétravail est considéré comme une innovation managériale majeure des dernières décennies. Elle serait toutefois sans doute restée encore longtemps marginale si elle ne s’était pas imposée lors des confinements institués au cours de la crise sanitaire récente. Une fois l’obligation passée, les résultats des enquêtes montrent que la route est encore longue avant que le télétravail ne soit intensément et largement adopté. Cette recherche vise donc à identifier les caractéristiques tant démographiques que psychologiques des dirigeants qui pourraient avoir une influence sur leurs choix actuels et à venir d’adopter durablement le télétravail au sein de leurs entreprises. Pour répondre à cette ambition, nous mobilisons un modèle conceptuel issu de la théorie des échelons supérieurs mais enrichi au prisme de la littérature sur les innovations managériales. À travers une enquête administrée à 119 dirigeants d’entreprises en Suisse Romande, nous montrons l’influence de certaines de leurs caractéristiques, telles que leur expérience (caractéristique démographique) mais surtout leurs représentations sociales du télétravail (caractéristiques psychologiques). En effet, leur opinion quant à la complexité du télétravail et de sa mise en œuvre, sa compatibilité avec l’activité de leur entreprise et leurs collaborateurs, leur attitude face au contrôle et leurs croyances concernant la confiance qu’ils peuvent ou pas avoir envers leurs collaborateurs freinent leur décision d’adopter le télétravail.
Le présent article a pour objectif d’examiner par une approche collaborative les besoins de la pratique et de la recherche relatifs à la santé organisationnelle et de favoriser la discussion autour d’un agenda de recherche sur les interventions en la matière. À partir d’une consultation effectuée directement auprès de chercheurs et de praticiens lors d’ateliers de discussion, de nombreux thèmes ont été évoqués en tant que priorités de recherche pour l’avenir. Plus spécifiquement, les participants indiquent que la santé du personnel, la récupération après le travail, le développement d’environnements alliant santé et productivité, l’utilisation de méthodes de recherche pragmatiques et la transformation du monde du travail sur les plans social, technologique et organisationnel constitueraient les principaux défis auxquels devront s’attaquer les chercheurs. Ces éléments sont présentés et discutés afin d’éclairer les travaux à venir dans ce secteur émergent.
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