No abstract

According to WHO statistics 2008, [1] malignant breast lesions comprises 1.38 million cases (10.9% of total cancer cases). According to Indian statistics malignant breast lesion is the second most common malignancy in woman after carcinoma of cervix and is detected in 20 per 1,00,000 women. [2,3] Fortunately, most of the breast lesions are diagnosed as benign breast lesions. [4] Main aim of our study is to evaluate the Histopathological spectrum of breast lesions in patient attending the NMCH,

Background: Poor feeding practices are a major threat to social and economic development. Studies have demonstrated adverse consequences of inappropriate feeding practices on growth, development & survival of infants and children. Indian and global data have shown that exclusive breast feeding during first six months is associated with optimal infant growth and low morbidity. Breast feeding practices in rural communities are shaped by their beliefs, which are influenced by social, cultural and economic factors. Objectives: To study the infant feeding practices among mothers in the rural field practice area and to assess the nutritional status of the infants and children. Methodology: A community based descriptive study conducted in the rural field practice area among mothers of infants aged 12-23 months. Study period June 2013 to May 2014. The size of the sample is 347.Results & Conclusions: 13% of infants were given pre-lacteal feeds. 96.5% children were fed with colostrum. 99.2% of the children were breastfed, 82.2% were initiated breast feeding within one hour after delivery. Only 19.89% were breast fed exclusively for up to 6 months, 61.7% of the mothers practiced breast feeding on demand and 70.1% of mothers started complementary feeds before the age of 6 months.

Background: In1951, India became the 1st country in the world to launch family planning programme. Since then approaches for reducing population growth have taken a variety of forms but with a little success. According to National Population policy2000 the TFR to be achieved by 2010 was 2.1.Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding family planning among the married women attending the urban health training centre of Narayana medical college, Nellore. Methodology: The study is conducted over a period of 3 months from Oct.2016 -Dec.2016 on 170 married women attending UHTC, NMC, Nellore and who were willing to be interviewed. The study tool is a pre-designed, semi-structured questionnaire. Data collected will be entered in MS-Excel and analysed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Among the 170 married women the results were as follows: 50% were in the age group of 20 -29 years, 22.4% were illiterates. 75.3%women were home makers. 38.8% were married below the age of 18 years. While 67% of the women completed their families, 51.2% had 1 living son. 69% were aware of family planning. Almost 52% said decisions regarding family planning were made by husband & in-laws. There was significant association between awareness regarding family planning with age of the women, caste, education and occupation of the women, and also age at marriage and age at 1st delivery. Conclusion: awareness regarding family planning should be improved. Women should be given free hand regarding decisions concerning family planning.

BACKGROUND:Understanding the concept of evidence-based medicine needs strong research knowledge. Yet, the emphasis of a research-oriented curriculum for undergraduate medical students is not developed to its fullest form. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate knowledge, attitude, experience, and the barriers of research among medical undergraduates. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among medical students. The study participants anonymously filled out a five-part questionnaire consisting of (1) demography 2) knowledge 3) attitude 4) practice 5) barriers). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 250 students took part in the study, of which 53.6% were males, and 46.4% were females. 47% was the knowledge score regarding the concept of research and its methodology. Sixty-five percent agreed to the importance of research in medical school, and sixty-three percent believed that research would facilitate a better understanding of the subject and clinical practice. Nearly 61% opined that research was not a waste of time and did not interfere in studies. Barriers for research were lack of awareness (62%), interest (57%), funds (56%), time (56%), and difficulty in follow-up of patients (45%). Almost 40% of students disagreed to lack of encouragement from the faculty. CONCLUSION: The study participants had fair knowledge regarding research and expressed a positive attitude towards involvement in research activity. Some of the barriers were lack of awareness, time, funds, and difficulty in patient follow-up.