Green nanotechnology incorporates the principles of green chemistry and green engineering to fabricate innocuous and eco-friendly nanoassemblies to combat the problems affecting the human health or environment. Subsequently, amalgamation of green nanotechnology with drug delivery area has actually commenced a new realm of “green nanomedicine”. The burgeoning demand for green nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems has led to the development of different types of delivery devices, like inorganic (metallic) nanoparticles, quantum dots, organic polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, dendrimers, nanostructured lipid carriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, etc. The present article deals with a brief account of delivery devices produced from green methods and describes site-specific drug delivery systems (including their pros and cons) and their relevance in the field of green nanomedicine.

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Template efficacy of microemulsions in generating nanoparticles has garnered considerable attention in the world of colloidal science. A microemulsion is an optically isotropic and thermodynamically stable colloidal dispersion, which possess spherical droplets (either of W/O or O/W) of the size <50 nm. In microemulsions, the spontaneous formation of domains of nanometric dimensions significantly facilitates their exploitation as potential nanoreactors for the production of stable nanoparticles (due to their cost-effectiveness and ease of preparation). The present chapter provides an overview of microemulsions as efficient nanotemplates, with a detailed account of plausible nanomaterials, i.e., metallic nanoparticles, quantum dots, polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, etc. Based on the high surface area, good crystallinity, controllable particle size, outstanding catalytic, and magnetic properties, the exploitation of nanoparticles as efficient catalysts and drug delivery modules has also been highlighted.

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