Today, oil spill response is an urgent problem for oil-producing countries. This paper researches the elimination of oil pollution using organomineral sorbents. The authors present a scheme for obtaining sorbents based on natural bentonite clays by modifying with a quaternary ammonium salt. Two variants of modification of natural bentonites have been studied: with preliminary Na2CO3 treatment to convert the main component of bentonite into the sodium form and without preliminary treatment. The obtained organobentonites have high sorption and hydrophilic properties. The sorbent obtained from natural bentonite with preliminary treatment with Na2CO3 has better properties in comparison with the sorbent without preliminary treatment. The authors also demonstrated the ability of the obtained organobentonites for oil sorption. Organobentonites upon contact with oil films on the water surface form dense agglomerates that can be easily removed mechanically.

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The limited deposits of natural wollastonite in our country and the labor intensity of its extraction and processing, make promising the development of methods of its synthesis based on various types of domestic plant and fossil raw materials, especially industrial waste. The use of rice husk ash and calcium oxide in the solid-phase synthesis of calcium silicates ensures the content of β-wollastonite in their composition at the level of naturally-occurring Miwoll10-97. The obtained results indicate greater efficiency of amorphous silicon dioxide for the synthesis in the solid phase of calcium silicates. Synthetic calcium silicates, like naturally occurring wollastonite, have a pronounced alkaline surface nature, with the acid-base characteristics not influenced significantly by the sintering temperature, as well as the type and ratio of initial components. Calcium silicate produced from zeolite-siliceous rock has the smallest particle size and the narrowest particle size distribution, i.e. the most homogeneous structure. All investigated calcium silicates increase the wear resistance of epoxy materials, and low-porous silica sand-based fillers are more effective, providing high resistance of filled epoxy materials to climatic factors as well.

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