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Abstract:The physico-chemical characteristics of activated carbons obtained from different agricultural by-products by pyrolysis in a stream of water vapor have been investigated. It was established that under the same conditions of treatment the physico-chemical and adsorption characteristics of activated carbons depend on the composition of the initial raw materials. Activated carbon obtained from apricot stones has the best properties. It is characterized by a large specific surface area and micropores volume and high iodine and methylene blue adsorption activity. The activated carbons produced from cherry stones and grape seeds are characterized by predominating meso-and macropores structure. It can be supposed this is related to the larger content of lignin in those materials.

Abstract:The adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and C d 2 + from aqueous solution at 293 K by activated carbons obtained from different raw materials was studied. These carbons were prepared by water vapour pyrolysis of the raw materialsapricot stones, coconut shells and lignite coal. The influence of the solution pH on the adsorption processes has been studied. The presence of other metal ions in the solution decreases the adsorption of each of the ions. The selective adsorption of the metal ions is observed but the ones preferentially adsorbed d o not completely prevent the adsorption of other ions. The chemical nature of the carbon surface and metal ions have great significance for the adsorption process.

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