Platelet storage and its availability for transfusion are limited to 5-6 days. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the causes for reduced efficacy and shelf-life of platelets. The studies on platelet storage have focused on improving the storage conditions by altering platelet storage solutions, temperature, and materials. Nevertheless, the role of OS on platelet survival during storage is still unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of storage on platelets. Platelets were stored for 12 days at 22°C. OS markers such as aggregation, superoxides, reactive oxygen species, glucose, pH, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. OS increased during storage as indicated by increments in aggregation, superoxides, pH, conjugate dienes, and superoxide dismutase and decrements in glucose and catalase. Thus, platelets could endure OS till 6 days during storage, due to the antioxidant defense system. An evident increase in OS was observed from day 8 of storage, which can diminish the platelet efficacy. The present study provides an insight into the gradual changes occurring during platelet storage. This lays the foundation towards new possibilities of employing various antioxidants as additives in storage solutions.

To develop and validate a simple, selective, rapid and stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the analysis of Lurasidone HCl in bulk and its tablet dosage forms. Method: Several trials were made by changing the mobile phase composition and nally the drug was resolved on a Thermo ODS, C18, (150 X 4.6 mm, 5µ) column, using the mobile phase consisting of sodium dihydrogen ortho phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) and acetonitrile in 60 : 40 ratio and pumped at a ow rate of 0.8 ml/min at ambient temperature. Studies were performed on Waters HPLC system equipped with PDA detector, the response was monitored at 230 nm. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Results: The retention time of Lurasidone HCl was found to be 3.33±0.02 minutes. The calibration curve 2 was linear over the concentration range of 10-60 μg/ml (r =0.9999). The limit of detection for Lurasidone HCl was found to be 0.25 μg/ml and the quantication limit was about 0.75 μg/ml. The accuracy of the method was established based on the recovery studies and the percentage recovery was in the range of 99.95 to 100.01. The drug was degraded in all the conditions like acid, alkali, oxidative, thermal and photolytic conditions by proposed RP-HPLC method. Research Value: The proposed method can be applied for the routine analysis of Lurasidone HCl in bulk and its pharmaceutical dosage forms in quality control laboratory.

Hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals are biologically active species because of their likelihood to damage cellular constituents. An in vitro study on Wistar rats was conducted to investigate the influence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and 2,2 0 -azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) on platelets and compare the vulnerability of platelets to oxidative stress (OS) induced by these two free radical initiators. Isolated platelets were divided into controls (without free radical initiators; n = 5) and experimentals (with free radical initiators; n = 5). Different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0) of free radical initiators H 2 O 2 and AAPH were used to treat the platelets and incubated for 5, 15 and 30 min. Biomarkers such as platelet aggregation, superoxide generation, lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, conjugate dienes), protein oxidation (protein carbonyls, sulfhydryls) and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. In H 2 O 2 and AAPH treated platelets, though OS was observed at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mM, platelets could tolerate the oxidative insult. Treatment of platelets with 2.0 mM H 2 O 2 demonstrated the onset of irreversible changes in platelets as observed in the results of increased superoxide generation and lipid peroxidation products. In 2.0 mM AAPH platelets, the oxidative damage was evident as indicated through increased aggregation, superoxide generation and conjugate dienes and lower protein sulfhydryls. Platelets were more susceptible to AAPH than H 2 O 2 , as AAPH acted on both lipids and proteins whereas H 2 O 2 acted only on lipids. This study gives insight on platelet survival under different OS situations.

Background of Study: Incidence of diabetes is increasing due to increase in the prevalence of risk factors of this disease. Diabetes is also a risk factor for other diseases especially cardiovascular diseases. Increase in co-morbidities results in polypharmacy which in turn increases possibility of drug interactions. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of possible drug interactions involving oral hypoglycaemic agents in Type II diabetes mellitus patients. Methods and Findings: This is a prospective, observational study, conducted for a period of 6 months, from September 2017 to February 2018. Type II diabetes mellitus patients with prescription of one or more oral hypoglycaemic drugs were included in the study. The demographics, and drug therapy related details of patients were recorded in the specially designed patient profile form. The drug interactions were assessed using Micromedex 2.0, Medscape and www.drugs.com. Results: A total of 136 interactions were reported in 63 patients. We detected 63 possible moderate interactions. Between oral hypoglycaemic agents. Interaction between Metformin and Salbutamol was most commonly seen interaction. Metformin and Glimepiride were the oral hypoglycaemic agents most commonly involved in drug interactions. Conclusion: Glimepiride and metformin were most commonly involved oral hypoglycaemic agents involved in drug interactions. Impairment of blood glucose control, increase in the risk of lactic acidosis, increase in the prevalence of hypoglycaemia, masking the effects of hypoglycaemia were the most common expected complications of these interactions. Therefore constant monitoring of the above symptoms is required while prescribing the mentioned combinations.

No abstract