Summary. -A disease of lentil with symptoms of distortion, mottling and chlorosis in the leaves, shortening of internodes and excessive branching was noticed in lentil at Kanpur, India, during 2012. Results of polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction employed to detect suspected RNA and DNA viruses indicated involvement of a geminivirus, which was further characterized by sequencing of full genome amplified by rolling circle amplification. Analysis of full length DNA-A revealed 96.4-96.7% nucleotide similarity with bitter gourd yellow vein virus (BGYVV) isolates and tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) isolate. As per the recent revision of begomovirus species demarcation criteria, if a new virus isolate shares ≥91% nt sequence identity with any other isolate of an existing species, it should be treated as an isolate of that species, even if it is <91% identical to all other isolates from that species. This made BGYVV an isolate of ToLCNDV and resulted in the de-recognizing of the BGGYV.

Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is recognized as one of the most economically important viruses that affects several leguminous crops like mungbean, urdbean, cowpea, pigeonpea etc. and occurs in Indian subcontinent. In the present study, coat protein of MYMIV is being used to fi nd out highly suitable MHC binding peptides and epitopes. Thirty nine peptide regions were found to have high affi nity to TAP binding peptides using cascade support vector machine (SVM). Few of these coat protein TAP transporters are 201-NRFFKVNNY with score 9.208, 108-KRFCIKSVY with score 8.817, 44-RWTNRPMWR with score 8.790, 134-NTVMFKLCR with score 8.672 and 41-KRRRWTNRP with score 8.498 where the scores are based on the average affi nity of an amino acid at particular position. The SVM based method for prediction of promiscuous MHC Class II binders reported MHCII-IAb peptide regions, 30

Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) is recognized as one of the most economically important viruses and is known to affect several crops including peanut, potato, tomato and soybean. For managing plant virus diseases, determination of their causal agents' identity at an early stage of crop is a pre-requisite. In the present study, NSm protein of GBNV has been used to predict out MHC binding peptides and epitopes that are highly suitable for antigenicity. Eighteen peptide regions were found to have high affinity. Few of these NSm protein TAP transporters are 126- RRYMHISRL with score 11.638, 125- NRRYMHISR with score 10.280, 46- AIMNKAKTL with score 7.762, 120- PTWNSNRRY with score 7.632 and 171- ASLKDPMCF with score 7.277. The support vector machine (SVM) based approach predicted MHCII-IAb peptide regions, 45- SAIMNKAKT, 151- ASLIDPNKM, 23- PAVKKENNR, 229- PIAAENNTC, (optimal score 0.938); MHCII-IAd peptide regions, 208- YAKGVGFAS, 101- NDSLVGNGN, 55- NGKQYVSSG, 63-GDSSVLGTY, (optimal score 0.852); MHCII-IAg7 peptide regions, 277- LQKAAERLA, 145- SKNNVKASL, 228- TPIAAENNT, 276- SLQKAAERL, (optimal score 1.640); and MHCII- RT1.B peptide regions, 193- TPKQCMQLN, 195- KQCMQLNLT, 246- KVIQSAALI, 166- IISRQASLK, (optimal score 0.800) as binders from NSm protein. The most suitable predicted segments in NSm protein of GBNV virus found in the study are 164- KIIISRQASLKDPMCFIFHLNWS- 186 and 237-CDVVPINRAKVIQSAALIEACKLMIP-262. These two fragments, obtained from non-structural movement protein with average propensity 1.016, are high-efficiency binders and may, therefore be used in cross protection to provide resistance against GBNV and develop GBNV specific antibodies that can be exploited in sero-diagnostics.