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Background: In this study, we developed an animated movie as a novel educational tool for fall prevention, and intended for patients and caregivers. We evaluated this new animation, comparing its effectiveness both before and after intervention, and have discussed its potential in the context of inpatient fall prevention. Methods: While including previously implemented multidisciplinary fall prevention measures, we started to introduce the use of animation in August 2013. Pre-and post-intervention questionnaire surveys were conducted for patients and nurses in June and August 2013, respectively, for 2 weeks. Results: We obtained 304 and 269 paired data in the pre-and post-intervention survey periods. On examining the difference between nurses' instructions and patients' understanding, in the pre-intervention period, only 70.0 % of patients instructed to call the nurses at any time and 33.3 % of those instructed to call at the time of need, correctly understood the instructions. The frequency of patients' falls significantly decreased from 15.6 to 8.6 % (p <0.05) between the pre-and post-intervention survey periods, respectively. In 65-year-old patients, the ratio of frequency significantly decreased from 19.0 to 7.6 % (p <0.01); however, it did not change in patients aged <65 years. Conclusions: Our study indicated that animation could be an effective educational tool for inpatient fall prevention, even in older patients. In order to develop a multimedia tool with optimal educational impact, several aspects should be explored, including the addition of previous multidisciplinary approaches, increased variety of story and character design, improved hospital culture for better staff compliance and enhanced effectiveness, and interactive digital media content for an effective teaching feedback loop.

The varistor system SnO 2 ·CuO·Ta 2 O 5 with different Ta 2 O 5 dopants sintered at 1300˚C for 80 min was investigated. It is found that Ta 2 O 5 significantly affects the grain size and the electrical properties. The average grain size decreases from 6.8 to 1.9 µm with an increase in Ta 2 O 5 concentration from 0.05 to 1.00 mol%. The sample with 0.05 mol% Ta 2 O 5 has the best nonlinear electrical property and the highest nonlinear coefficient (α = 37.9) and the sample with 0.50 mol% Ta 2 O 5 possesses the highest densification (98.7% of the theoretical density) among all the samples. The reason for the nonlinearity of SnO 2 ceramics is explained.

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This study measured implicit and explicit attitudes toward major nursing safety violations using the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and self-reported questionnaires, respectively. Experiment 1 sampled nursing students (n = 71), and Experiment 2 sampled patient safety nurses (n = 38). Although reaction time to IAT stimuli of major nursing safety violations was quicker than of general nursing behaviors, error trials did not reveal a significant difference between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety violations and of general nursing behaviors in Experiment 1. Explicit attitude was related with intention to violate safety protocols in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, both reaction time and error trials showed significant differences between IAT stimuli of major nursing safety violations and of general nursing behaviors. This was interpreted in that patient safety nurses had formed a firm implicit attitude, unlike the nursing students; however, the findings suggested that attitudes were not related to violations in nursing.