No abstract

The influence of liquid bulk viscosity on the dynamics of a single cavitation bubble is numerically studied via Gilmore model with a new modified boundary condition at bubble interface. In order to more accurately describe the interior gas thermodynamics, a hydrochemical model is used. The numerical results for an argon bubble in water and aqueous HSO show that including the liquid bulk viscosity slightly affects the bubble dynamics in collapse phase. This effect becomes significant only at high ultrasonic amplitudes and high viscosities. Moreover, the maximum pressure value inside the bubble is much more influenced than the maximum temperature. This finding lends support to results of Shen et al. [25] and significantly differ from some previous results reported in the literature.

The generation of a single and stable picosecond pulse by distributed feedback dye laser is investigated in this work. The numerical result for the rate equation system that includes the thermal effects in the lasing medium is provided. By applying this model to Rhodamine 6G, it is found that considerable improvement in the stability of the laser can be achieved by pumping the system with narrower laser pulses. The simulation shows that if the dye solution is pumped by sub-200 ps pulse, the laser can be operated in single-pulse output mode with acceptable stability in pulsewidth over a long range of pumping intensity. This result is confirmed by a more complicated model composed of non-averaged Maxwell and rate equations. Even though the thermal effects do not play a significant role in equivalent cavity lifetime, they result in considerable wavelength shift toward the shorter wavelengths.

Using an appropriate design of electrodes and adjustment of the thyratron decoupling circuit as a high-repetition-rate and high-voltage switch, very stable operation of a copper vapor laser at high pressures was obtained. This was achieved by canceling the intense filamentation in the laser plasma at the higher pressures. The transverse grooves on the inner surface of the funnelshaped copper electrodes permit operation of the laser up to 100 torr. This design reduces the cathode-fall voltage, and as a result reduces the thermal loading in the cathode-fall region. The optimum pressure was 80 torr. At this condition the output power was more than that observed with expensive molybdenum electrodes in a similar laser system.

The lasing mechanism and temporal output profile of distributed feedback dye lasers is investigated, using a model based on induced polarization in the dye solution, where a more accurate behavior of the laser output is predicted. It is found that the temporal output profile of the laser is mostly determined by the concentration of dye solution and the lifetime of the upper laser level of dye molecules. To a large extent, the results of this work agree with experimental studies, even at high-level pump intensities where the self Q-switched model fails to be applied. Especially, the experimentally observed irregular intensity profile of laser output is explained. It is also shown that, when pumping dye solution by narrower pulses, the single-pulse output mode can be realized in the wider range of pump intensities and the pulsewidth stability of laser can be improved.