Context:Peripheral vein cannulation is commonly performed for rapid and accurate administration of medications. Phlebitis is one of the commonest complications that develop after intravenous catheter application.Aims:This study aims to investigate the incidence of phlebitis and to evaluate factors contributing to the development of phlebitis.Settings and Design:This was a prospective observational study conducted on patients admitted at 4 Air Force Hospital Kalaikunda.Methods:Study conducted on 150 patients who were admitted to the medical and surgical division of the hospital during the period from July 2018 to April 2019. The factors studied were age, gender, site of insertion, place of insertion, cannula size, IV medications, and blood products used. Phlebitis was graded using Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score.Statistical Analysis Used:The incidence of phlebitis was expressed in percentage and odds ratio was calculated to estimate the effects of suspected risk factors.Results:Incidence of phlebitis was found to be 31.4% from our study. The increased incidence rate of phlebitis was seen in the female gender, age less than 60 years, insertion in the lower limb, large catheter size, catheters inserted in emergency situations, and IV drugs administration.Conclusion:Phlebitis is an important on-going problem in present-day clinical practice. Avoiding of preventable risk factors, proper nursing care, and daily inspection of catheters needed for prevention of phlebitis.

BACKGROUNDThyroid is the first endocrine gland to develop in the foetal life; superficial in location, amenable to direct physical examination and biopsy. Disorders of thyroid include a vast array of genetic, inflammatory, developmental, immunologic & neoplastic disorders. The non-neoplastic lesions of thyroid constitute a major part of the cases of thyroid in hospitals.

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BACKGROUNDBone tumours are comparatively uncommon among wide array of lesions and pose a diagnostic problem. Definitive clinical diagnosis of bone lesion is often difficult. So it is essential to identify the lesion correctly before deciding the line of treatment. For the correct diagnosis of bone lesions, charting out treatment plan and estimating prognosis, interpretation of biopsy material proves to be indispensable.Aim of the study is to study histopathological features of bone lesions and their correlation with age of presentation, site and type of lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe duration of the study was 2 years [June 2014-May 2016. A review of histopathological reports of all bone specimens received in the Department of Pathology, SVS Medical College over a period of 2 years was done. A total of 46 bone lesions were analysed. Bone biopsy was performed by either percutaneous method with needle/drill or open surgical biopsy. If attached soft tissue was also received, bony tissues were put for decalcification (10% nitric acid). Soft tissue was immediately fixed into 10 % formalin and processed by paraffin embedding. Sections were stained by haematoxylin and eosin stain and microscopic examination was done. RESULTSTotal non-neoplastic bone lesions were 18 (39.1 %) while that of neoplastic lesions were 28 (60.9%). Both neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were more prevalent in < 20 years age group. Among the non-neoplastic lesions, osteomyelitis lesions (38.9%) were the commonest while giant cell tumour (42.8%) was common neoplastic lesions. Overall most common bone involved was femur. CONCLUSIONThough bone tumours are less common lesions and pose a diagnostic problem, if viewed in perspective of clinico-radiology and histopathology, a correct diagnosis can be reached.

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