BACKGROUNDThyroid is the first endocrine gland to develop in the foetal life; superficial in location, amenable to direct physical examination and biopsy. Disorders of thyroid include a vast array of genetic, inflammatory, developmental, immunologic & neoplastic disorders. The non-neoplastic lesions of thyroid constitute a major part of the cases of thyroid in hospitals.

Intrabony vascular lesions are extremely rare conditions. The lesions include 0.5% to 1% of all intraosseous tumors. Females are more predilected than males with a female: male ratio of 2:1, usually affecting the second decade of life. Most common sites of occurrence of these lesions are in the vertebral column and skull, jaws are the rare location with the mandible being the quite rare location. The origin of hemangiomas is still doubtful. Many of the authors believe it as hamartoma but as per World Health Organization, it as a true benign neoplasm of vascular origin. The clinical presentation of hemangiomas is variable with atypical radiographic presentations. Due to the varied presentations of this lesion, the diagnosis becomes very difficult. But diagnosing central hemangiomas early is essential for preventing uncontrollable hemorrhage and even death during any surgical intervention. We present a case of intraosseous cavernous hemangioma which presented as periapical radiolucency with specks of calcification, quiet a rare presentation. The case was managed by embolization followed by surgical resection of the body of the mandible.

BACKGROUNDBone tumours are comparatively uncommon among wide array of lesions and pose a diagnostic problem. Definitive clinical diagnosis of bone lesion is often difficult. So it is essential to identify the lesion correctly before deciding the line of treatment. For the correct diagnosis of bone lesions, charting out treatment plan and estimating prognosis, interpretation of biopsy material proves to be indispensable.Aim of the study is to study histopathological features of bone lesions and their correlation with age of presentation, site and type of lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe duration of the study was 2 years [June 2014-May 2016. A review of histopathological reports of all bone specimens received in the Department of Pathology, SVS Medical College over a period of 2 years was done. A total of 46 bone lesions were analysed. Bone biopsy was performed by either percutaneous method with needle/drill or open surgical biopsy. If attached soft tissue was also received, bony tissues were put for decalcification (10% nitric acid). Soft tissue was immediately fixed into 10 % formalin and processed by paraffin embedding. Sections were stained by haematoxylin and eosin stain and microscopic examination was done. RESULTSTotal non-neoplastic bone lesions were 18 (39.1 %) while that of neoplastic lesions were 28 (60.9%). Both neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were more prevalent in < 20 years age group. Among the non-neoplastic lesions, osteomyelitis lesions (38.9%) were the commonest while giant cell tumour (42.8%) was common neoplastic lesions. Overall most common bone involved was femur. CONCLUSIONThough bone tumours are less common lesions and pose a diagnostic problem, if viewed in perspective of clinico-radiology and histopathology, a correct diagnosis can be reached.

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