Detection of hydrogen peroxide from cell cultures is important for monitoring different diseases. Here, g-C3N4 (gCN) was incorporated into well-defined clusters of RuW (RuW-gCN) through monomer complexation of Ru-substituted phosphotungstate...

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Reduction of nitroarenes is a useful strategy for the preparation of aromatic amines. In this work, CuO was used as a reusable solid reagent for the reduction of nitroquinolines to aminoquinolines using hydrazine monohydrate as the hydrogen donor under mild reaction conditions. The reaction of 0.5 mmol of 5-nitroquinoline to 5aminoquinoline was completed in 10 min with 100% conversion and selectivity. The reagent CuO could be easily collected and reused for up to four cycles, after which it is completely transformed into Cu 2 O and Cu. The high activity and selectivity of CuO were attributed to the facile formation of oxygen vacancies on the CuO surface under the reducing environment, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Further, density functional theory simulations showed that oxygen vacancies led to higher adsorption (E ads = −174.4 kJ/mol) and selective activation of the nitro group (E a = 43 kJ/mol) coupled with a reaction involving hydrogen atoms activated on the CuO surface. However, the presence of an additional pyridine ring in 5-nitroquinolines slightly impeded the rate of complete reduction (t = 10 min).

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