Lubricants are used in extrusion processing of rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) compounds to control fusion and reduce shear heating. Without lubricants, conversion to the melt state results in excessive shear heating and degradation of the compound. The present work compares new lubricant systems containing complex esters with conventional systems based on ethylene bisstearamide (EBS) and paraffin. These new systems provide improved compound stability, weatherability, and physical properties. In addition, use of these systems results in lower compound viscosity compared with the conventional lubricant packages. The effects of other characteristics of these systems, such as the degree of esterification on compound properties, are also discussed.

The antistatic behavior of glyceryl monoesters in polypropylene (PP) is measured at concentrations down to 0.30 wt%. Water contact angles and XPS analyses are used to explore the mechanism of internal antistats. Orientation of glyceryl monostearate (GMS) at the surface of PP is determined. Several new antistat compositions for PP are introduced.

A number of bisamides were synthesized using fatty acid chain lengths varying from C4 to C22. Nonsymmetric as well as symmetric amides were prepared. The diamines from which these amides were prepared included ethylenediamine, butylenediamine, and 1,6 hexamethylenediamine. Properties of the pure bisamides and their effect in ABS polymers were measured. These properties included melting points, DTUL, impact, spiral flow, and color.

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